Exam 2- Adaptive Immunity Part 3-Activation

Question 1

Activation of T cells requires

Answer 1

1. TCR complex-coreceptor (CD4 or CD8) and cognate protein presented in MHC II or MHCI on APCs
2. Costim of B7 on APC to CD28 on T cell
3. IL-2 for expansion

Question 2

TCR complex coreceptors

Answer 2

CD4 or CD8

Question 3

Costim signal from APC to activate T cell

Answer 3

B7-which will bind Cd28 on Naive T; stabalized by glycoprotien cells

Question 4

Required for T cell exapansion and differentiation

Answer 4

IL-2- a type of cytokine

Question 5

Needed for T cell to synthesize and secrete IL-2 (type of cytokine)

Answer 5

Co-stim: which is B7 transmembrane protein that binds Cd28 on Naive T cell

Question 6

Clonal Selection

Answer 6

Selection of T cell based on exact epitope

Question 7

TCR contacts (epitope or MHC II)?

Answer 7

Epitope-while the MHC II binds CD4+

Question 8

T cell gets IL2 from

Answer 8

itself, autocrine in case of exogenous

Question 9

Clonal expansion

Answer 9

Cell rapidly doubles when IL-2 is present

Question 10

___ cells activate macrophages –> ROS via ____

Answer 10

TH1 cells; via IFN gamma (post MHCII binding)

Question 11

Activated macrophage

Answer 11

ROS- Oxygen radicals, nitric oxide and proteases which is an important defense against intracellular bacteria

Question 12

ROS activated macrophages are important in defense against

Answer 12

Intracellular bacteria

Question 13

signal 1 of Cytotoxic T cell activation

Answer 13

recognize processed engogenous antigen on MHC1 with APC

Question 14

Signal 2 of CTL activation

Answer 14

Co-stim from APC (i.e. B7)-T cell undergoes clonal selection in secondary lymph tissue

Question 15

CTL cells signal 3

Answer 15

Need an additional signal; from TH1 cells which is IL2-b/c these things kill!

Question 16

CTL cells need what extra component

Answer 16

IL-2 from TH1-since only want CTL if need them

Question 17

TH1 –> IL2 –> CD8+ cells effect

Answer 17

upregulate IL2 and receptors, can now make own IL2 and expand

Question 18

____ cells recognize antigen directly via their ___ receptors

Answer 18

B cells-IgG receptors

Question 19

____ cells make and secrete antibodies (secreted Ig)

Answer 19

Plasma cells/B cells

Question 20

T independent Antigens

Answer 20

Rare, highly repetitive antigens (polysaccharides with repetitive subunits)

Weak stimulation to make IgM antibodies

No memory cells

No class switching

Question 21

Rare, highly repetitive antigens (polysaccharides with repetitive subunits)

Answer 21

T independent antigens

Question 22

No memory cells

Answer 22

T independent

Question 23

No class switching

Answer 23

T ind

Question 24

T-Dependent Antigens

Answer 24

Common, majority

Antigen presented with MHCII to TH2 cell (need contact and costim)

TH2 produces cytokines –> activate B cell

Strong memory

Class switching (make antibodies other than IgM)

Question 25

Develop strong memory

Answer 25

T Dependent Antigens

Question 26

Class Switching

Answer 26

T Dependent Antigens