Exam 2 (7)- Photosynthesis

Question 1

What kind of reactions are REDOX reactions?

Answer 1

coupled - they happen together

Question 2

What happens during a REDOX reaction?

Answer 2

electrons are being passed from one molecule to another

Question 3

What does it mean to be oxidized?

Answer 3

• loses electron
• loses energy
• often a H+

Question 4

What does it mean to be reduced?

Answer 4

• gains electron
• gains energy
• often gains a H+

Question 5

NAD

Answer 5

-coenzymes
nitric acid - important in cellular respiration

Question 5

What is an Oxidation reaction good for?

Answer 5

breaking large molecules into their individual parts

Question 6

FAD

Answer 6

-conenzymes
flavin adenine dinucleotide

Question 7

What is photosynthesis in pathway terms?

Answer 7

Main- energy acquiring pathway

Question 8

What is the job of coenzymes in REDOX reactions?

Answer 8

able to accept electrons and energy given up in the oxidation reactions.

• temp. holders of energy –> move energy between reaction sequences

Question 9

How does photosynthesis work in general?

Answer 9

• captures sunlight
• solar E —> chem E
• E stored in carbohydrates

Question 10

Photosynthesis delta G?

Answer 10

G= +685 kcal/mol ( endergonic)

Question 11

Oxygenic photosynthesis?

Answer 11

( H2O –> O2)
- more common
- common plants
- oxygen= product

Question 12

Anoxygenic

Answer 12

(H2S–> S)
- only bacteria
- sulfer=product
- no oxygen needed or produced

Question 13

Photosynthesis reaction sequence:

Answer 13

6CO2+12H2O + light –> C6H12O6 +6O2

Question 14

What part of the photosynthesis reaction sequence is a reduction?

Answer 14

6CO2—-> C6H12O6

Question 15

What part of the photosynthesis reaction sequence is an oxidation?

Answer 15

12H2O—–> 6H2O + 6O2

Question 16

light Particles act like waves ( T/F)

Answer 16

true

Question 17

what are photons

Answer 17

energy packets of light

Question 18

What is the relationship between the length and energy of a wave?

Answer 18

lower wavelength = higher energy
higher wave length = lower energy

Question 19

wavelength?

Answer 19

distance between two wave peaks

Question 20

What is the visible spectrum?

Answer 20

Wavelengths of light that our eyes can perceive

Question 21

What are the boundaries of the visible light spectrum?

Answer 21

380 to 740 nm

violet——> red

Question 22

Where are the dangerous wavelengths on the spectrum of light?

Answer 22

Below the visible spectrum
- anything under 380nm is dangerous to our bodies ( reproductive organs)

Question 23

Where is chlorophyll?

Answer 23

In the green portions of plants
- leaf of flowering plant
- mesophyll tissue
- chloroplasts

Question 24

what is mesophyll tissue?

Answer 24

-between the upper epidermis and lower epidermis - has chloroplasts

Question 25

How do the thylakoid membranes fit into photosynthesis?

Answer 25

they are a unit of photosynthesis - chlorophyll A and B are here and are excited by the sun's energy

Question 26

Where does CO2 enter/ Oxygen leave the plant?

Answer 26

stomata

Question 27

Where does the CO2 go after it enters the leaf?

Answer 27

diffuses into chloroplasts in stroma, CO2 combines with H2O to form C6H12O6 Energy supplied by light

Question 28

Photosynthetic pigments?

Answer 28

Chemicals that absorb some wavelengths of visible light more than others.

Question 30

what is true about how colors are absorbed?

Answer 30

colors least absorbed are reflected/transmitted most

Question 31

What is the action spectrum?

Answer 31

it looks at wavelengths of light that elicit a particular response in physiological activities

Question 32

What evidence do we have that the wavelengths of light elicit photosynthesis?

Answer 32

The match between action spectrum and absorption spectrum

Question 33

What are the two main takeaways from the Lght Reactions? ( photo)

Answer 33

1. chlorophyll absorbs solar energy --> Chemical E 2. energized electrons move down the electron transport chain

Question 34

What is the main takeaway from the Callvin ( Krebs) cycle ( synthesis)

Answer 34

3. CO2 is reduced to a carb - reduction requires ATP and NADPH ( light reactions)

Question 35

What are the two alternate electron pathways?

Answer 35

-noncyclic electron pathway - cyclic electron pathway

Question 36

What do both the noncylic and cyclic pathways do?

Answer 36

capture light energy with photosystems - Produce ATP - photophosphorylation

Question 37

What are photosystems

Answer 37

Collections of chlorophyll molecules that respond to energy in sunlight - have pigment complex - occurs in thylakoid membranes

Question 38

What is a pigment complex?

Answer 38

- helps collect solar energy like an antenna

Question 39

photophosphorylation?

Answer 39

Using sunlight to take a phosphate and add it to ADP to make ATP

Question 40

What does the non-cyclic pathway produce that the cyclic doesn't?

Answer 40

NADPH

Question 41

What does NADPH do in photosynthesis?

Answer 41

(Organic) molecules that carry energy between light reactions and the Calvin Cycle

Question 42

how does chlorophyll operate what is called?

Answer 42

resonance energy transfer--a bunch of redox reaction

Question 43

what is the reaction center?

Answer 43

where it responds most strongly to wavelengths of light and energy