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PT 701-Anatomy > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Linea semilunaris

A
  • either side of the linea alba
  • where the oblique turn tendinous
  • muscle belly turning to aponeurosis
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2
Q

posterior rectus sheath disappears at

A

L2

-disappearance created by transversus abdominis

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3
Q

external oblique contributes to…

A
  • superficial inguinal ring

- turns into external spermatic fascia

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4
Q

internal oblique contributes to…

A

-picks up layer of external oblique and contributes to inguinal canal, cremaster muscle, and fascia

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5
Q

Transversus abdominus contribution to pelvis

A

contributes to canal but doesn’t produce layer to spermatic cord

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6
Q

transversalis fascia contribution to spermatic cord

A

forms deep inguinal ring

-deep spermatic fascia

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7
Q

abdominal arcuate line:

A

inferior end of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath

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8
Q

anterior abdominal wall superficial to deep:

A
  1. skin
  2. superficial fatty fascia
  3. deeper membranous fascia
  4. rectus Abdominis
  5. external oblique
  6. internal oblique
  7. transverse abdominis
  8. transversalis fascia
  9. peritoneum
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9
Q

linea terminalis:

A

sacrum
arcuate line
pectin pubis

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10
Q

what perforates the rectus abdominus at the arcuate line?

A

inferior epigastric artery and ein

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11
Q

what vasculature comes through the deep inguinal ring?

A

testicular artery and vein;

-artery and vein of the ductus deferens

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12
Q

left gonadal vein drains to the

A

left renal vein

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13
Q

blood supply to rectus abdominis

A

inferior epigastric artery

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14
Q

mesentary

A

double layer of peritoneum

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15
Q

what runs with the round ligament of the liver?

A

umbilical veins

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16
Q

intraperitoneal organs

A 
cecum
liver
jejunum
stomach
ileum
transverse colon
sigmoid colon
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17
Q

retroperitoneal organs

A
  • suprarenal glands
  • aorta
  • duodenum
  • pancreas
  • ureters
  • colon (ascending/descending)
  • kidneys
  • esophogus
  • rectum
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18
Q

Inferior vena cava exits the abdominal cavity at

A

T8

  • pierces central tendon of diaphragm
  • passes posterior to liver
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19
Q

direct tributaries to the inferior vena cava

A
  • inferior phrenic veins
  • hepatic veins
  • right suprarenal vein (left contributes to left renal vein first)
  • renal veins
  • right gonadal vein (left contributes to left renal vein)
  • ascending lumbar veins
  • common iliac veins
  • median sacral vein
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20
Q

greater omentum attaches to

A
  • greater curve of stomach

- transverse colon

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21
Q

lesser omentum attaches to

A
  • lesser curve of the stomach

- first part of duodenum

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22
Q

which abdominal structure is intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal, and also subperitoneal?

A

rectum

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23
Q

junction between foregut and midgut

A

inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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24
Q

junction between midgut and hindgut

A

middle colic and left coilc anastomosing together

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25
Q

esophagus enters the abdominal cavity at

A

T10

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26
Q

aorta enters the abdominal cavity at

A

T12

-most posterior

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27
Q

deep inguinal ring

A

into scrotum from pelvis

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28
Q

type of blood in umbilical vein in fetuses

A

oxygenated blood

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29
Q

most blood in liver is

A

deoxygenated nutrient rich blood

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30
Q

arterial supply to the adrenal glands

A
  1. inferior phrenic artery
  2. middle suprarenal a. (abdominal aorta)
  3. renal artery
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31
Q

location of ureter

A
  • anterior to psoas major
  • posterior to gonadal artery
  • anterior to common iliac
  • posterior to ductus deferens or round ligament
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32
Q

where the ureter narrows

A
  1. origin of ureter
  2. whre ureers cross iliac vessels
  3. entrance to bladder
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33
Q

ejaculatory duct is the union of:

A
  • ductus deferens

- seminal vessicles

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34
Q

bulbourethral gland

A
  • cowper
  • embedded in external urethral sphincter and deep transverse perineal muscle
  • secretions neutralize acidity in urethra in preparation of ejaculation
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35
Q

fertilization occurs where in the uterine tubes?

A

ampulla

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36
Q

structures in the male UG diaphragm

A
  1. membranous urethra
  2. bulbourethra
  3. external sphincter
  4. deep transverse perineal muscle
  5. internal pudendal artery/vein
  6. pudendal nerve
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37
Q

structures in the female UG diaphragm

A
  1. urethra
  2. vagina
  3. external sphincter
  4. deep transverse perineal muscle
  5. internal pudendal artery/vein
  6. pudendal nerve
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38
Q

prostate

A
  • located between the bladder and the UG diaphragm

- contributes 20% of ejaculate to enhance sperm motility

39
Q

temperature control of sperm

A
  • main is cremaster muscle

- fine tuning is dartos

40
Q

what surrounds each erectile body in the penis?

A

tunica albuginea

41
Q

what binds the penile erectile bodies togetther?

A

-deep penile fascia (Buck’s fascia)

42
Q

female homolog for prostate

A

skeen’s gland

-lesser vestibular gland

43
Q

fossa between the UG diaphragm and the pelvic floor

A

ischioanal fossa

44
Q

what structures are in the UG diaphragm, pelvic floor and SPP

A
  • urethra

- perineal body

45
Q

anteverted vs anteflexed

A
  • cervical canal compared to vagina is anteverted

- uterus compared to cervical canal is anteflexed

46
Q

posterior border of the UG triangle

A
  • superficial transverse perineal muscle

- in the SPP

47
Q

round ligament ends in the…

A

labia majora

48
Q

female homolog to penis

A

clitoris

49
Q

structures in the male SPP

A
  • spongy urethra
  • bulb of penis
  • crura of penis
  • superficial transverse perineal muscle
  • deep perineal branches of pudendal artery/vein
  • pudendal nerve
  • ischiocavernosus muscle
  • bulbospongiosus muscle
50
Q

structuers in the female SPP

A
  • greater/lesser vestibular glands
  • bulb of vestibule
  • crus of the clitoris
  • superficial transverse perineal muscle
  • deep perineal branches of pudendal arter/vein
  • pudendal nerve
  • ischiocavernosus muscle
  • bulbospongiousus muscle
51
Q

muscles of the pelvic wall

A
  • obturator internus

- piriformis

52
Q

round ligament of the uterus

A

connects uterus to lateral abdominal wall

53
Q

ejaculatory duct

A
  • formed by ducus deferens and juct of the seminal vesicles

- empty into prostatic urethra

54
Q

seminal vesicle contribution to ejaculate

A
  • 70% of ejaculate volume

- nourishes sperm

55
Q

ovarian ligament

A

connects the ovary to the uterus

56
Q

broad ligament

A
  • of uterus
  • double sheet of peritoneum (mesentary)
  • evelopes ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus
  • extends from sie of uterus to sidewalls of pelvis
57
Q

round ligaments of uterus

A

-from the fundus of uterus, through deep inguinal ring, insert in the labia majora

58
Q

pubovesical ligament

A

from bladder to pubic ramus (anterior)

59
Q

which gonadal arty does not enter the pelvis?

A

testicular artery

60
Q

parietal branches of iliac artery

A
  1. iliolumbar
  2. superior gluteal
  3. lateral sacral
  4. obturator
  5. inferior gluteal
61
Q

visceral branches of internal iliac artery

A
  1. umbilical artery (to ductus deferens and superior vesicle artery)
  2. inferior vesicle artery
  3. middle rectal artery
  4. internal pudendal artery
62
Q

branches of pudendal nerve

A
  1. inferior rectal
  2. perineal
  3. dorsal n to clitoris/penis
63
Q

posterior fornix

A

deeper, larger pocket to protect cervix during intercourse

64
Q

ovarian suspensory ligament

A

lateral abdominal wall attachment

65
Q

transverse cervical ligament in the:

A

cervix

66
Q

which branch off the internal iliac artery is both parietal and visceral?

A

internal pudendal artery

67
Q

middle rectal artery is the last branch of

A

internal pudendal

68
Q

autonomic innervation to pelvis from:

A

pelvic splanchnic plexus

69
Q

voluntary innervation to pelvis from

A

pudendal nerve

70
Q

main component of UG diaphragm

A

deep transverse perineal muscle

71
Q

pelvic diaphragm anchors onto the

A

perineal body

72
Q

colles’ fascia

A
  • most superficial (superficial perineal fascia)

- extension of scarpa’s fascia

73
Q

dartos fascia

A

around scrotum

74
Q

buck’s fascia

A

over penis

75
Q

fourchette

A
  • posterior union of labia minor

- tears during childbirth

76
Q

portal vein conveys:

A

70% of blood to liver for filtration

77
Q

portal vein is formed by:

A

superior mesenteric v.

-splenic vein (inferior mesenteric feeds splenic)

78
Q

hepatic artery supply to liver:

A

30% of blood, is oxygenated

79
Q

perineal body is converging fibers of:

A
  1. levator ani
  2. deep transverse perineal muscle
  3. bulbospongiosus muscle
  4. external anal sphincter
80
Q

pathway of sperm:

A
  • seminiferous tubules
  • tubuli recti
  • rete testis
  • efferent ductules
  • epidydimus
  • ductus deferens
81
Q

function of deep transverse perineal muscle

A
  • supports the prostate

- inserts on perineal body

82
Q

function of bulbospongiosus

A
  • compresses greater vestibular gland
  • assists in erection
  • originates on perineal body
83
Q

function of ischiocavernosus

A
  • inserts on crus

- maintains erection by squeezing blood into corpus cavernosum of clitoris or penis

84
Q

function of superficial transverse perineal muscle

A
  • inserts on perineal body

- stabilizes perineal body

85
Q

the scrotum is an extension of…

A

the anterior abdominal wall

86
Q

dartos fascia is a continuation of …

A

Scarpa’s fascia (membranous abdominal layer)

-also connects with Colle’s fascia (superficial perineal fascia)

87
Q

perineal membrane is ______ to Colle’s fascia

A

deep

88
Q

bulbourethral glands

A
  • mucus secreting glands
  • add fluid to semen; flushing agent to wash out urethra
  • Cowper’s gland
  • ducts open to spongy urethra
89
Q

function of internal urethral sphincter during arousal:

A

prevents seminal fluid from entering the bladder

90
Q

mons pubis is a continuation of…

A

Camper’s fascia of abdominal wall (fatty layer)

-continuous with labia majora

91
Q

function of greater vestibular glands

A
  • posterior
  • Bartholin’s
  • lubricate during arousal
92
Q

function of lesser vestibular glands

A
  • anterior
  • Skeen’s
  • secretes mucus to moisten the labia and vestibule
93
Q

boundary of ischioanal fossa

A

superiorly: pelvic diaphragm
inferiorly: skin of anal region
- extends into UG triangle superior to perineal membrane

94
Q

contents of ischioanal fossa

A
  • inferior rectal vessels and nerve
  • pudendal nerve
  • internal pudendal vessels

PT 701-Anatomy (7 decks)

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