Exam 2 - 2008

Question 1

Which of the following statements about naloxone (narcan) is false?
A. Naloxone is an antagonist of opioid receptors
B. Naloxone is used to reverse the effect of a heroin overdose
C. Naloxone Is used to relieve severe chronic pain
D. Naloxone Precipitates the symptoms Of opiate withdrawal

Answer 1

C. Naloxone Is used to relieve severe chronic pain

Question 2

Methadone (Dolophine) is used for
A. Relief of withdrawal symptoms in morphine addicts
B. Reversal of the effect of morphine overdose
C. Both a and B are correct
D. Neither a nor B is correct

Answer 2

A. Relief of withdrawal symptoms in morphine addicts

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false?
A. The CNS contains three major types of opioid receptors mu Gamma and Kappa receptors
B. Endogenous opioid peptides (endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphins) activate opioid receptors
C. Repeated use of morphine produces tolerance to the pupil constricting and constipating effects of the drug
D. Direct application of morphine to the spinal cord provides a regional analgesic effect with minimal side effects

Answer 3

C. Repeated use of morphine produces tolerance to the pupil constricting and constipating effects of the drug

Question 4

Which of the following drugs is used as a maintenance drug in treatment programs for opioid addicts?
A. Codeine
B. Naltrexone (ReVia)
C. Disulfiram (Antabuse)
D. Haloperidol (haldol)

Answer 4

B. naltrexone (ReVia)

Question 5

Buspirone (BuSpar)
A. Causes sedation comparable to that produced by diazepam
B. Relieves anxiety following acute administration
C. Relieves anxiety following administration for several days or weeks
D. Suppresses the syndrome associated with alcohol withdrawal
E. Has all of the actions listed above

Answer 5

C. Relieves anxiety following administration for several days or weeks

Question 6

A patient with a temporary sleep disorder without anxiety would be treated best with
A. A short acting benzodiazepine such as triazolam (halcion)
B. a long acting barbiturates such as phenobarbital
C. A long acting benzodiazepine such as diazepam (Valium)
D. And anxioselective drug such as buspirone (BuSpar)
E. None of the drugs listed above

Answer 6

A. A short acting benzodiazepine such as triazolam (halcion)

Question 7

Which of the following drugs interact with the GABAa receptor complex?
A. Diazepam (Valium)
B. Zolpidem (Ambien)
C. Phenobarbital (luminal)
D. Flumazenil (Romazicon)
E.  All of the above

Answer 7

E. All of the above

Question 8

Tricyclic antidepressants
A. Must be administered for several weeks before the onset of their antidepressant effect is observed
B. Produce euphoria in nondepressed individuals
C. Are effective when administered alone for the treatment of acute mania
D. Cause a parkinsonian syndrome
E. All of the above

Answer 8

A. Must be administered for several weeks before the onset of their antidepressant effect is observed

Question 9

Which of the following side effects of antipsychotic drugs occurs only after chronic administration?
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Tardive dyskinesia
C.  Parkinsonism
D.  Sedation
E. All of the above

Answer 9

B. Tardive dyskinesia

Question 10

Short acting non-benzodiazepine drug that is useful as a hypnotic agent; its effect can be reversed by benzodiazepine antagonist
A. Zolpidem (ambien)
B. Diazepam (valium)
C. Triazolam (Halcion)
D. Fomeprizole (Antizol)
E. Flumazenil (Romazicon)

Answer 10

A. Zolpidem (ambien)

Question 11

A benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that is useful in treating benzodiazepine overdose
A. Zolpidem (ambien)
B. Diazepam (valium)
C. Triazolam (Halcion)
D. Fomeprizole (Antizol)
E. Flumazenil (Romazicon)

Answer 11

E. flumazenil (romazicon)

Question 12

T or F. Chronic treatment with diazepam (valium) results in the accumulation of active drug metabolites that may persist for weeks following withdrawal of the drug

Answer 12

T

Question 13

T or F. The clinical potency of typical antipsychotic drugs correlates with their affinity for binding to D2 subtypes of dopamine receptors in the brain

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Hypokalemia that develops as a consequence of diuretic therapy is due to
A. Secretion of potassium into the filtrate at the level of the collecting duct
B. a higher than normal delivery of unreabsorbed sodium into distal region of the nephron
C. Both a and B
D. Neither a nor B

Answer 14

C. Both a and B

Question 15

A common clinical use of an osmotic diuretic such as mannitol is to
A. Treat mild to moderate hypertension in the outpatient setting
B. Reverse acid-base disturbances associated with high-altitude sickness
C. Reverse extracellular fluid volume and control swelling in closed head injuries
D. Reverse hypercalcemia

Answer 15

C. Reverse extracellular fluid volume and control swelling in closed head injuries

Question 16

Of the following diuretics which is the best choice to reduce rapidly a chronic and severe volume expanded state?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril)
B. Acetazolamide (diamox)
C. Furosemide (lasix)
D. Triamterene (dyrenium)

Answer 16

C. Furosemide (lasix)

Question 17

The term diuretic ceiling implies
A. No further diuresis can be achieved by administering higher doses of a drug that has already yielded its maximum diuretic effect
B. No single diuretic drug class is more powerful at achieving a maximum diuretic effect than any other
C. Both a and B
D. Neither a nor B

Answer 17

A. No further diuresis can be achieved by administering higher doses of a drug that has already yielded its maximum diuretic effect

Question 18

A key difference between first and second generation H1 histamine receptor antagonists is that the second-generation drugs…
A. Are easier to swallow
B. Don’t cross the blood brain barrier efficiently
C. Are more broadly active blocking receptors for several other neurotransmitters
D Are contraindicated for the treatment of allergic rhinitis
E. Possess all of the above advantages over first-generation drugs

Answer 18

B. Don’t cross the blood brain barrier efficiently

Question 19

The mechanisms of pharmacologic glucocorticoid action include
A. Binding to intracellular receptor proteins that participate in the control of Gene transcription
B. Increasing levels of intracellular regulators such as Lipocortin and IkB which function to suppress inflammatory pathways
C. Suppression of the function of several types of immune system cells
D. All of the above

Answer 19

D. All of the above