Epilepsy / Local Anesthetics Flashcards
What drugs:
decrease cortical activity → decrease seizure
teratogenic risks
epilepsy drugs
carbamazepine
ethosuximide
valproate
lorazepam
What epilepsy drug:
blocks Na
P450 inducer
diplopia
drowsiness
bipolar
partial complex
carbamazepine
What epilepsy drug:
partial complex
increase metabolism of other drugs
3A4*1B
carbemazepine
What epilepsy drug blocks Ca?
ethosuximide
What epilepsy drug:
no plasma binding
T1/2 = 40-60 hours
ethosuximide
What is the drug of choice for absence epilepsy?
ethosuximide
What drug:
blocks GABA and Na
valproate
What drug:
hepatotoxicity for children < 2
also for bipolar/migraines
valproate
What drug:
GABA inhibitor for treatment of epilepsy?
lorazepam
What is the degeneration of dopamine neurons?
Parkinson
What are the top treatments for Parkinson’s?
replace L-dopa with Sinemet
bromocryptine
selegiline
What is Sinemet?
L-dopa + carbidopa
What drug:
direct activation of dopamine receptors
bromocryptine
What drug:
blocks dopamine metabolism by MAO-B
selegiline
For LA, what type fibers are fastest to slowest to be affected?
Type C>B>A
What is the mechanism of action for LAs?
voltage gated Na blocker
What is the order of blockade for the following senses/functions?
Touch
Pain
Deep pressure
Cold
Motor
Pain > Cold > Touch > Deep Pressure > Motor
What class of LA is safer due to shorter half life?
esters
What LA:
PABA blocks sufonamide
used for infiltration and regional anesthesia
Procaine
What LA:
is used topically
benzocaine
short acting ester
What LA is:
intermediate acting
risk of increased toxicity among esters
tetracaine
What LA:
used for anesthesia for the nose/throat
cause mucous membrane irritation
tetracaine
What LA:
replaced cocaine for cornea anesthesia b/c less irritating
proparacaine
What LAs:
short-acting esters
procaine
benzocaine
tetracaine
proparacaine
What LAs:
amides
lidocaine
bupivicaine
What LA:
intermediate
use caution with amiodarone b/c causes arrhythmias
used for spinals
lidocaine
What LA:
used for long, regional anesthesia
epidurals with opioids in labor
can also induce arrhythmias?
bupivicaine
