Contraceptives Flashcards
What are estrogen only drugs? (3)
estradiol
estriol
estrone
How do estrogen birth control pills work? (3)
reduce bone resorption
metabolic effect
pro-coagulatory
What are the side effects of estrogen bc pills? (5)
fluid retention
tender breast
GI issue
migraine
endometrial cancer HRT
How does progestin affect fertility? (2)
implantation
corpeus luteum
Progesterone decreases fertility by: (2)
affecting basal body temp
endometrial and cervical secretions
What are the side effects of progestin only pills? (2)
breakthrough bleeding
mild depression
What are progestin only pills? (4)
minipill (norethindrone)
Depo-provera (medroxy)
Mirena (levono)
Implanon (etonogestrel)
How are these progestin alone pills delivered?
Minipill
Depo-provera
Mirena
Implanon
oral daily
IM every 3 months
IUD for 5 years
implant under arm for 3 years
What are the estrogen/progestin combo pills? (6)
seasonale
lunelle
nuva ring
ortho evra
lybrel
yaz
What combo pill:
levon/estradiol
E/P: 1-84
period 1-4 times per year
Seasonale
What combo pill:
estradiol/medroxy
injection every 28-33 days
Lunelle
How long does the Nuvaring stay in?
3 weeks
What combo BC:
estradiol/norelgestromin
patch ffor 7 days
3 weeks on/1 off
good only for <200 lb. women
Ortho Evra
What combo BC:
coninuous levon/estradiol
NO period
increased risk of unrecognized pregnancy
Lybrel
What combo BC:
synthetic progestin
drosprenone/estradiol
Yaz
What combo BC:
can cause hyperkalemia
lead to fatal heart problems
YAZ
What combo BC has most adverse side effects like:
DVT
embolism
stroke
MI
death
gall bladder injury
YAZ
Why do we use progestin alone BC?
when estrogen is contraindicated
What are post-coital drugs that are not effective if already pregnant?
Plan B (levono)
Preven (levono/estradiol)
What is the fertility drug?
clomiphene
How does clomiphene (fertility drug) work?
estrogen receptor antagonist to induce ovulation
What is the abortion drug?
mifepristone
How does mifepristone work?
antagonist of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors
What are selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) which mimic the effects of estrogen in some organs but act as antagonists in others? (2)
tamoxifen
raloxifene
What SERM is estrogen antagonist in breast tissue and inhibits proliferation of breast cancer?
tamoxifen
What SERM is an estrogen antagonist in breast and uterine agonist in bone good for osteoporosis?
raloxifene
Also decreases risk of invasive breast cancer.
What drug is anti cancer based on inhibition of estrogen synthesis and is first line drug for breast cancer?
femara
