Exam-2 Flashcards
What is the term for a raised scar caused by the overproduction of collagen?
Keloid
Atrophic scar
Acne scar
Stretch mark
Keloid
What hormone stimulates bone resorption and increases blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
Growth hormone
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Estrogen
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
What is the term for a raised scar caused by overproduction of collagen?
Keloid
Atrophic scar
Acne scar
Stretch mark
Keloid
What hormone stimulates bone resorption and increases blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
Growth hormone
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Estrogen
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Which of the following is classified as a true rib?
Rib 8
Rib 10
Rib 5
Rib 12
Rib 5
The ilium is part of which structure?
Rib cage
Vertebral column
Pelvis
Shoulder girdle
Pelvis
What is the shallow depression on the scapula that articulates with the humerus?
Acromion
Glenoid cavity
Infraglenoid tubercle
Subscapular fossa
Glenoid cavity
Which structure in muscle cells stores calcium ions?
Sarcolemma
Myofibril
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
How many bones form the adult vertebral column?
20
24
30
34
24
Which region of the vertebral column contains the most vertebrae?
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Thoracic
Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
Facilitates movement
Produces hormones
Destroys pathogens
Produces enzymes
Facilitates movement
Match the following types of bones with their descriptions:
____
Typically cube-shaped, being approximately equal in length, width, and thickness.
____
Have complex shapes that don’t fit into other categories like vertebrae
____
Thin and often curved, like the sternum.
____
Longer than they are wide, primarily involved in movement and support.
Short Bones
Irregular Bones
Flat Bones
Long Bones
Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
Femur
Clavicle
Sternum
Pelvis
Sternum
What type of movement is supination?
Rotating the forearm so the palm is facing downward
Rotating the forearm so the palm is facing upward
Flexing the wrist
Extending the wrist
Rotating the forearm so the palm is facing upward
What is the primary function of red bone marrow?
Produces blood cells
Stores minerals
Protects vital organs
Synthesizes hormones
Produces blood cells
During muscle contraction, the power stroke occurs when:
Myosin heads pull the actin filaments
Actin binds to ATP
Calcium binds to myosin
Myosin releases AD
Myosin heads pull the actin filaments
Which of the following describes abduction?
Moving a limb toward the midline of the body
Bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones
Moving a limb away from the midline of the body
Rotating a limb around its axis
Moving a limb away from the midline of the body
Which of the following muscle tissues is striated?
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
None of the above
Skeletal muscle
Which layer of the skin contains the blood vessels and nerves?
Epidermis
Hypodermis
Dermis
Stratum corneum
Dermis
Match each type of fracture with its description:
Occurs at an angle that is not 90 degrees
Several breaks result in many small pieces between two large segments
Occurs straight across the long axis of the bone
A fracture in which the skin remains intact
Occurs at an angle that is not 90 degrees: Oblique Fracture
Several breaks result in many small pieces between two large segments: Comminuted fracture
Occurs straight across the long axis of the bone: Transverse fracture
A fracture in which the skin remains intact: Closed Fracture
The scapula is also known as the:
Shoulder joint
Collarbone
Shoulder blade
Pelvic bone
Shoulder blade
Which part of the integumentary system is responsible for thermoregulation?
Sweat glands
Melanocytes
Sebaceous glands
Keratinocytes
Sweat glands
Which bone forms the lateral part of the forearm?
Ulna
Radius
Humerus
Clavicle
Radius
Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin when exposed to UV light?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin D
Which function is NOT performed by the integumentary system?
Vitamin D synthesis
Protection from pathogens
Body temperature regulation
Oxygen exchange
Oxygen exchange
The muscle that assists the prime mover is called the:
Antagonist
Synergist
Fixator
Agonist
Synergist
Which bone forms the medial part of the forearm?
Ulna
Radius
Humerus
Scapula
Ulna
Which of the following best describes endochondral ossification?
Bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage
Bone forms from dense connective tissue
Bone forms directly from mesenchymal tissue
Bone grows from tendons
Bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage
The only bone that lies in a horizontal position in the body is the:
Humerus
Clavicle
Scapula
Radius
Clavicle
Which muscle is the primary agonist during elbow flexion?
Triceps
Biceps
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Biceps
Match the following burns type according to the depth and extent of affected skin layers:
__4__
affecting the underlying muscle and bone.
__1__
Only epidermis and causes redness and pain.
__2__
extends into both the epidermis and dermis.
__3__
affects epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
affecting the underlying muscle and bone: Fourth Degree
Only epidermis and causes redness and pain: First Degree
extends into both the epidermis and dermis: Second Degree
affects epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue: Third Degre
Shortening of the sarcomeres tension in the muscle stays:
Constant muscle length changes to move a load:
Muscle Length does not change:
Contraction of the muscle
Isotonic contraction
isometric contraction
Shortening of the sarcomeres tension in the muscle stays: Contraction of the muscle
Constant muscle length changes to move a load: Isotonic contraction
Muscle Length does not change: isometric contraction
The action of bringing a limb closer to the midline of the body is called:
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Adduction
In the anatomical position, the radius is found in the lateral forearm, while the ulna is found in the medial forearm.
True False
True
What are the small bones found in the middle ear called?
Ossicles
Sacrum
Vomer
Nasal bones
Ossicles
Which of the following is a secondary curvature of the vertebral column that develops after birth?
Coccygeal curve
Lumbar curve
Thoracic curve
Sacral curve
Lumbar Curve
Develops from a mole as a result of an uncontrolled growth of melanocytes and is the most fatal of all skin cancers.
Melanoma
Is the most common of all cancers that occur in the US, develop from the stratum basale of the epidermis, and is frequently found on sun exposure areas.
Basal cell carcinoma
is the second most common skin cancer and affects the stratum spinosum and also affects sun exposed areas of the skin.
Squamous Cell carcinoma
- Contains only actin filaments.
- Marks the boundary of a sarcomere.
- Contains only myosin filaments.
- Contains both actin and myosin filaments.
- Contains only actin filaments: I Band
- Marks the boundary of a sarcomere: Z Line
- Contains only myosin filaments: H Zone
- Contains both actin and myosin filaments: A band
What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber?
T tubules
Myofibril
Sarcomere
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Sarcromere
Which type of fracture results in a bone-breaking into many small pieces?
Greenstick
Transverse
Comminuted
Spiral
Comminuted
- muscle mass and size increases
- Low muscle tension
- Production of more muscle cells by division
- Excessive muscle tension
- Muscle mass and size decrease
- muscle mass and size increases: Hypertrophy
- Low muscle tension: Hypotonia
- Production of more muscle cells by division: Hyperplasia
- Excessive muscle tension: Hypertonia
- Muscle mass and size decrease: Atrophy
What is the neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction?
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine
