Exam 1 Flashcards
________ reactions release energy.
Response
Catabolic
Exergonic
Decomposition
Catabolic, exergonic, and decomposition
Catabolic, exergonic, and decomposition
Which of the following statements is true about metabolism?
Anabolism builds larger molecules from smaller ones, while catabolism breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones.
Catabolism requires energy, whereas anabolism releases energy.
Metabolism only refers to catabolic reactions in the body.
Anabolism and catabolism are both energy-releasing processes.
Anabolism builds larger molecules from smaller ones, while catabolism breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones.
In which type of bond do atoms transfer electrons from one to another, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions?
ionic bond
covalent bond
hydrogen bond
van der Waals bond
ionic bond
Inside the nucleus, the structure that contains the genetic material (DNA) is called the ________.
chromatin
ribosome
nucleolus
cytoplasm
chromatin
The two layers of a serous membrane are called ________.
parietal and visceral
anterior and posterior
dorsal and ventral
sagittal and transverse
parietal and visceral
If an element has 15 protons and 16 neutrons, what is its approximate atomic mass?
31
15
16
47
31
The fluid-like substance that fills the interior of a cell and surrounds the organelles is called the ________.
cytoplasm
nucleus
mitochondrion
cell membrane
cytoplasm
Which of the following best describes a hydrogen bond?
A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom
A strong covalent bond formed between two hydrogen atoms
An ionic bond formed between a hydrogen atom and a metal
A metallic bond between hydrogen atoms and other metals
A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom
Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between cations and anions?
Cations are positively charged ions, while anions are negatively charged ions.
Cations are neutral ions, while anions are positively charged ions.
Cations are negatively charged ions, while anions are positively charged ions.
Cations and anions are both neutral and do not carry any charge.
Cations are positively charged ions, while anions are negatively charged ions.
What is the primary function of an enzyme in a biochemical reaction?
To lower the activation energy needed for the reaction to proceed, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
To increase the activation energy needed for the reaction to proceed, thereby slowing the reaction rate.
Incorrect Response
To change the reactants into different products without affecting the reaction rate.
To bind to the products of the reaction and convert them back into reactants.
To lower the activation energy needed for the reaction to proceed, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
The ventral body cavity is also referred to as the ________ cavity.
anterior
posterior
dorsal
cranial
anterior
How do healthcare providers typically divide the abdominal cavity for clear communication about location?
Into nine regions or four quadrants
Into six regions or eight quadrants
Into two regions or three quadrants
Into eight regions or two quadrants
Into nine regions or four quadrants
Which of the following is a common disadvantage of MRI imaging?
High cost and high noise compared to other imaging modalities
Lack of detail in imaging compared to CT scans
Inability to detect soft tissue abnormalities
Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation
High cost and high noise compared to other imaging modalities
Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars
The plasma membrane is primarily composed of which type of molecule arranged in a bilayer?
phospholipids
proteins
cholesterol
carbohydrates
phospholipids
Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two atoms?
covalent bond
ionic bond
hydrogen bond
metallic bond
covalent bond
Most processes that maintain homeostasis in the body are regulated by ________.
negative feedback loops
positive feedback loops
both negative and positive feedback loops equally
hormonal imbalances
negative feedback loops
The atomic number of an element represents the number of ________, while the mass number represents the sum of ________.
protons; protons and neutrons
neutrons; protons and electrons
electrons; neutrons and protons
protons; electrons and neutrons
protons; protons and neutrons
Transcription and translation take place in the ________ and ________, respectively.
nucleus, cytoplasm
The network of protein filaments and tubules that provides structural support to the cell is the ________.
cytoskeleton
centrosome
smooth ER
Golgi apparatus
cytoskeleton
Which of the following responses is used by the body to counteract high temperatures?
sweating
An element has an atomic number of 12. How many protons does this element have?
12
6
24
18
12
Ty is three years old and has been vomiting for about 24 hours due to a stomach bug. His blood pH is 7.48. What does this mean?
Ty’s blood is slightly acidic.
Ty’s blood is slightly alkaline.
Ty’s blood is highly acidic.
Ty’s blood is within the normal range.
Ty’s blood is slightly alkaline
Which of the following imaging techniques would be best to use to study the uptake of nutrients by rapidly multiplying cancer cells?
CT
MRI
PET
ultrasonography
transverse plane
PET
Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complementary to GCTTATAT?
CGAATATA
Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop in the body?
Childbirth
regulation of body temperature
blood sugar regulation
maintenance of blood pressure
Child Birth
Which plane divides the body into left and right portions?
sagittal
frontal
transverse
coronal
sagittal
A coronal plane divides the body into ________.
upper and lower portions
left and right portions
anterior and posterior portions
superficial and deep portions
anterior and posterior portions
