Exam 2 Flashcards
A patient has a synovial fluid removed from their knee joint. The test results included a cell count with differential. The WBC count was 65,000 with 93% neutrophils. What is the most likely cause?
Septic
Inflammatory
Crystal induced
Hemorrhagic
Septic
A patient has CSF chemistries and microbiology samples performed. Chemistries yield a very low glucose value but no growth is reported in micro cultures. What is a possible pathology to explain these results? It is to be noted that the CSF had a clear, colorless appearance.
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Brain tumor
Head trauma
Blood/brain compromisation
Brain tumor
Which is not a common test to perform on a CSF sample?
Glucose
Uric acid
Protein
Lactate
Uric acid
Increased CSF glucose levels can indicate acute bacterial meningitis.
True
False
False
Which would typically not be a cause of an exudative pleural effusion?
Pulmonary abscess
Lymphoma
Bacterial pneumonia
Hepatic cirrhosis
Hepatic cirrhosis
The unique structure of hemoglobin allows it to act as both an acid-base buffer and O2 buffer.
True
False
True
Match the term with the definition.
Glycogenolysis Formation of glucose of-6-phosphate from noncarbohydrate sources
Glycogenesis Metabolism of glucose molecule to pyruvate or lactate for production of energy
Gluconeogenesis Breakdown of glycogen to glucose for use as energy
Glycolysis Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage
Glycogenolysis - Breakdown of glycogen to glucose for use as energy
Glycogenesis - Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage
Gluconeogenesis - Formation of glucose of-6-phosphate from noncarbohydrate sources
Glycolysis - Metabolism of glucose molecule to pyruvate or lactate for production of energy
Which parameter on a blood gas analysis is calculated instead of being directly measured.
pH
HCO3
pO2
pCO2
HCO3
The best collection tube to use for glucose tolerance testing is:
Gold top/serum
Green top/lithium heparin
Lavender top/EDTA
Grey top/NaF
Grey top/NaF
What is the incremental fraction of oxygen at sea level?
21%
10%
79%
100%
21%
What is the best interpretation of the following results?
pH=7.53 (7.35-7.45)
CO2= 37 (35-45)
HCO3= 33 (22-29)
Metabolic acidosis with partial compensation
Metabolic alkalosis with no compensation
Respiratory alkalosis with partial compensation
Metabolic alkalosis with full compensation
Metabolic alkalosis with no compensation
In external respiration, the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveolar membrane is __________, while the partial pressure of oxygen in the venous blood is _________.
40 mmHg, 100 mmHg
100 mmHg, 40 mmHg
45 mmHg, 40 mmHg
159 mmHg, 45 mmHg
100 mmHg, 40 mmHg
The following illustration of spinal fluid is representative of two distinct circumstances. Identify the proper circumstances leading to the appearance of both example C and example D. (C has 3 equally turbid samples. D has 3 samples of successive less blood)
C. previous cerebrovascualar hemorrhage
D. traumatic Tap
C. bacterial infection
D. cerebrovascualar hemorrhage
C. normal spinal fluid
D. cerebrovascualar hemorrhage
C. traumatic tap
D. cerebrovascualar hemorrhage
C. previous cerebrovascualar hemorrhage
D. traumatic Tap
A decrease in H+ ions, an increase in pH, and a decrease in pCO2 results in what acid-base disorder?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
What is the best interpretation of the following results?
pH=7.28 (7.35-7.45)
CO2= 55 (35-45)
HCO3= 25 (22-29)
Respiratory acidosis with no compensation
Respiratory acidosis with full compensation
Metabolic acidosis with no compensation
Metabolic acidosis with full compensation
Respiratory acidosis with no compensation
A patient with an HA1C of 12% would be most likely to have an estimated average glucose of:
97 md/dL
140 mg/dL
212 mg/dL
298 mg/dL
298 mg/dL
A patient with a fasting glucose of 122 mg/dL would be considered to have a:
Normal fasting glucose
Impaired fasting glucose
Preliminary diabetes diagnosis
Impaired fasting glucose
This type of diabetes is noted to have insulin resistance with an insulin secretory defect due to progressive loss of adequate beta cell insulin secretion.
Type 1a
Type 1b
Type 2
Gestational
Type 2
An increase in H+ ions, a decrease in pH, and an increase in pCO2 results in what acid-base disorder?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
As a CSF is collected, it is placed in a series of tubes for analysis. The correct order of testing should be:
Chemistry, Hematology, Microbiology
Cytology, Hematology, Microbiology
Chemistry, Microbiology, Hematology
Hematology, Microbiology, Cytology
Chemistry, Microbiology, Hematology