Exam 2 Flashcards
newly oxygenated blood within the pulmonary veins enters the heart via which chamber?
left atrium
what is the primary clinical sign of acute coronary syndrome
chest pain
what is the term given to a heartbeat that originates in a location other than the sinus node?
ectopic beat
what type of activity typifies one MET
sitting at rest
in a patient with heart failure, which of the following would NOT be a reason to terminate the session
controlled atrial fibrillation
what is the hallmark symptoms of all types of heart failure
decreased exercise tolerance
fluid retention can be used objectively assess the severity of heart disease. which of the following should not be used to assess fluid levels in a patient?
subjective complaints by the pt
which of the following activities would have the highest met
shoveling snow
which of the following is the best definition for orthostatic hypertension
a sudden drop in BP as the pt moves from into an upright position
when working with a patient who is on beta blockers and are participating in cardiac rehab program, the most reliable indicator of whether pts are working at optimal level is to monitor which of the following values?
borg scale rate of perceived exertion
A PTA is instructing a pt who has recently had heart surgery in appropriate sternal precaution. Which of the following is the most important instruction for assistant to give the pt?
for the pt to splint with a pillow during laughing, coughing, or sneezing
a PTA is prepared to treat a patient who has a new order after having been ill for several weeks. which of the following systems is most likely to demonstrate decline due to deconditioning?
cardiovascular
during treatment a patient who is deconditioned, which of the following exercises would be most likely to encourage the patient to work at 3-4 MET level?
walking approx 3 mph
what is the cause of atrial quivering during an episode or atrial fibrillation
inadequate electrical stimulation
when a PTA is treating a patient who has been diagnosed with CHF, the patient is currently taking calcium channel blockers. this medication has most likely been prescribed in order to cause which physiological response?
reduction in BP and decrease in demand of heart
which of the following BP responses would warrant termination of an exercise session in any phase of cardiac rehab
decrease in systolic BP of 20 mmHg
A PTA assesses the vital signs of a patient. the respiratory rate is 22 breathes per minute, heart rate is 72 bpm. BP is 142/100 and oral temp is 98. Assistant should note that:
patient presents with hypertension
During exercise with a PT who has had CHF, the patient begins to perspire and become cyanotic. Cyanosis is most indicative of
decrease in oxygen saturation
during exercise a patient complains of new, sharp pain. a complaint of pain in which of the following referral is most likely to indicate myocardial ischemia?
within the epigastric area
a PTA is providing bed mobility instructions for a pt who has recently undergone CABG. the PTA is aware that care must be taken when applying tactile pressure near the site of which of the following?
saphenous vein
which of the following activity prescriptions would be least appropriate for a pt who has just completed phase 1 of cardiac rehab?
up and down a flight of stairs 2x a day
a PTA is supervising the exercised cardiac rehab outpatient class on a very hot day, with a temp expected to be above 90*. The class is scheduled at 2pm and the facility is not air conditioned. what is the best strategy?
decrease the exercise intensity by slowing down the pace of exercise
a patient with a diagnoses if left sided HF is referred to PT. identify signs and symptoms that are most likely to be demonstrated during exercise?
dyspnea with fatigue and muscular weakness
a PT with coronary artery disease received inpatient cardiac rehab following a mild MI. the pt is now enrolled in an outpatient exercise class that utilizes intermittent training. the most appropriate initial spacing of exercise and rest intervals to safely stress the aerobic system is
2 exercises with 1 rest
a patient has an episode of syncope in the PT clinic. the PT asks the PTA to check to see where the patient is experience OH. the pta will do this by
checking HR and BP in sitting, repeating vital signs after standing
which layer of the heart is the thickest
myocardium
when listening to heart sounds, where would you place the stethoscope to listen to the apex of the heart
5th intercostal space and midclavicular line
there are ___ valves in the heart directing blood flow in one direction
4
the following of blood ejected with each myocardial contraction is known as
stroke volume
T/F: energy demands of the body are constantly changing therefore the hearts cardiac output must also be able to adapt to the changed system energy demands as well as to its own myocardial oxygen needs
true
____ is diagnosed when there is no known cause for elevation in BP values
primary hypertension
Stenosis
narrowing
prolapse
enlarged valve
regurgitation
forward and backward flow
____ is characterized by quivering of ventricles resulting from inadequate electrical stimulation
vfib
T/F: if a patient is 100% reliant on a pacemaker, therapist must ensure that pacemaker is adequately rate responsive during activity
true
T/F weight loss, smoking cessation, and regular exercise are all important parts of maintaining cardiac health but have no effect after a person has been diagnosed with CAD
false
you are working in an acute care, cardiac rehab setting. your patient presents with an ECG reading that has no recognizable pattern and is complaining of shortness of breath, chest pain, and confusion. this is most likely caused by
vfib
T/F: HF is a clinical diagnosis caused by impaired left ventricular functioning and is referred to as CHF when its accompanied by signs and symptoms of edema
true
