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PNS -- Torgerud > Exam 1: Unit III: CN VII; Facial Nerve > Flashcards

Exam 1: Unit III: CN VII; Facial Nerve Flashcards

1
Q

What type of fibers does the Facial nerve carry?

A

(mixed CN)

  • motor and sensory (special sensory for taste)
  • parasympathetic fibers
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2
Q

What is know as the “Nerve of Facial Expression”?

A

Facial Nerve; CN VII

-b/c innervates many facial muscles

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3
Q

What is the nucleus that many preganglionic parasympathetic fibers come from that contribute to the Facial nerve?

A

superior salivary nucleus

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4
Q

Where do sensory fibers that are carried in CN VII terminate (nucleus of termination)?

A

upper part of the solitary nucleus

some call it solitary tract b/c the nucleus is so long

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5
Q

Where are the cell bodies of first order sensory neurons for the facial nerve located?

A

geniculate ganglion

analogous to trigeminal ganglion

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6
Q

What peripheral ganglion are associated with the facial nerve?

A
  • geniculate ganglion
  • pterygopalatine ganglion
  • submandibular ganglion
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7
Q

What type of sensory information does the Facial nerve carry?

A
  • general sensation from external ear and lateral tympanic membrane
  • taste (ant. 2/3)
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8
Q

Where are the cell bodies for the sensory information carried in the facial nerve located? Where do they go synapse in?

A 
geniculate ganglion (cell bodies of 1st order sensory neurons)
axons will then carry info to solitary nucleus
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9
Q

What are the specific fibers that convey taste from the anterior part of the tongue carried in?

A

chorda tympani (of CN VII)

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10
Q

Describe the sensory pathway of the facial nerve.

- What does it supply, where does it go, and where does it synapse

A

Carries:

  • general sensation from external ear and lateral tympanic membrane
  • Taste info from ant. 2/3 tongue (via chorda tympani)

Carried to: geniculate ganglion

Synapses: solitary nucleus

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11
Q

What is the division line for the anterior 2/3 and the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

sulcus terminalis

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12
Q

What is the primary nucleus of origin called for the facial nerve?

A

motor nucleus of the facial nerve

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13
Q

What are the axons in the motor pathway for the facial nerve from?

A

LMNs from motor nucleus of facial nerve

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14
Q

In general, what is the pathway for the LMN axons coming from the motor nucleus of the facial nerve?

A

exit the CNS, travel THROUGH geniculate ganglion and innervate muscles of facial expression

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15
Q

Where does the motor nucleus of the facial nerve receive information from?

A
  • both cerebral hemispheres (note on muscles of inf. face)

- reticular formation

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16
Q

What is so interesting about the muscles in the inferior part of the face that the facial nerve supplies and where they receive information from?

A

the part of the motor nucleus of the facial nerve supplying muscles in inferior part of face receives info from ONLY the contralateral cortex

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17
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers in the facial nerve come from? Where do they synapse?

A

Come from: superior salivary nucleus

Synapse in: pterygopalatine ganglion or submandibular ganglion

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18
Q

Where do the postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic pathway of the facial nerve supply?

A
  • lacrimal gland
  • submandibular gland
  • small glands in oral and nasal cavities
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19
Q

What is the apparent origin of the facial nerve?

A

laterally in the medullopontine sulcus (or cerebellopontine recess)

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20
Q

What is the path of fibers from the motor nucleus of the facial nerve before it exits the CNS?

A

first travel posteriorly and arch around the abducens nucleus

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21
Q

How many roots are present at the apparent origin of the facial nerve?

A

two

  1. Motor Root (facial nerve proper)
  2. Intermediate nerve–> carries sensory and parasympathetic fibers
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22
Q

What do both roots of the facial nerve enter into upon exiting the CNS?

A

enter the internal acoustic meatus, located in petrous part of the temporal bone

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23
Q

Where is the geniculate ganglion located?

A

the external genu of the facial nerve within facial canal

24
Q

After entering the internal acoustic meatus, what do the facial nerve roots do? What is formed?

A

combine and form a single trunk and enter the facial canal —> then bends posteriorly, forming the external genu of the facial nerve (where the geniculate ganglion is located)

25
Q

How many branches of the facial nerve are given off in the facial canal? What are they, in order?

A
  1. Greater petrosal nerve
  2. Nerve to the stapedius
  3. Chorda tympani
26
Q

As the greater petrosal nerve comes off the facial nerve, how does it travel? (lengthy description)

A

travels anteriorward through the hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve —> re-enters petrous part of temporal bone through foramen lacerum —-> travels through pterygoid canal—> joints pterygopalatine ganglion

27
Q

What type of fibers does the greater petrosal nerve carry? What do they stimulate secretion of?

A 
(branch of CN VII)
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers; stimulate secretion of: 
- lacrimal gland
- nasal gland
- palatal gland
28
Q

What is another name the greater petrosal nerve can be called? (Due to what reason?)

A

superficial petrosal nerve

stimulate secretion of lacrimal, nasal, and palatal glands

29
Q

What is the second nerve given off of the facial nerve in the facial canal? What type of fibers does it carry?

A

Nerve to the stapedius; contain ONLY motor fibers

30
Q

What does the nerve to the stapedius supply (branch of VII)?

A

stapedius muscle

31
Q

What is the only nerve given off of the facial nerve in the facial canal that only contains motor fibers?

A

nerve to the stapedius

32
Q

What is the third branch coming off of the facial nerve in the facial canal? What type of fibers does it carry?

A

chorda tympani; carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers and taste fibers

33
Q

Describe the path of the chorda tympani once it branches of the facial nerve.

A

it travels THROUGH the tympanic cavity and leaves temporal bone through the pterygotympanic fissure; then combines with lingual nerve (branch of V3)

34
Q

What nerve does the chorda tympani combined with after it leaves the temporal bone?

A

lingual nerve, a branch of mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

35
Q

Where do the fibers carried in chorda tympani go?

A

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers –> go to submandibular ganglion

taste fibers—-> go to tongue (with lingual nerve, branch of V3)

36
Q

How do the remaining fibers of the facial nerve (after the three branches given off in the facial canal) exit the temporal bone?

A

through the stylomastoid foramen

37
Q

All the fibers remaining of the facial nerve that are exiting the stylomastoid foramen are what type of fibers?

A

motor or somatosensory

38
Q

How many branches are given off of the facial nerve between it exiting the stylomastoid foramen and before entering the parotid gland?

A

three

  1. the digastric branch (M)
  2. the stylohyoid branch (M)
  3. the posterior auricular branch (M and S)
39
Q

What does the digastric branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

posterior belly of digastric muscle

40
Q

What does the stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

the stylohoid muscle

41
Q

Describe the path of the posterior auricular nerve, (branch of the facial nerve).

A

travels posterior to the ear and divides into an occipital branch and an auricular branch

42
Q

What do the branches of the posterior auricular nerve supply?

  1. occipital branch
  2. auricular branch
A
  1. occipitalis

2. posterior auricular muscle, intrinsic muscles of anterior part of ear, and carriers SENSORY info

43
Q

What gland does the facial nerve enter? What does it form?

A

parotid gland, forms parotid plexus

44
Q

What does the facial nerve entering the parotid gland give rise to? Do those give rise to anything?

A

two trunks:
- temporofacial trunk
- cervicofacial trunk
Give rise to 5 major branches that supply muscles of facial expression

45
Q

How many branches do the temporofacial and cervicofacial trunks give rise to? What are they?

A 
Five: (supply muscles of facial expression)
1. Temporal branches
2. Zygomatic branch
3. Buccal branches
4. Marginal mandibular branch
5. Cervical branch 
"ten zebras bit my (massive) cat"
46
Q

What do the temporal branches (branch of facial nerve) supply?

A
  • intrinsic auricular muscles
  • superior auricular muscle
  • anterior auricular muscle
  • orbicularis oculi
  • corrugator supercilii
  • frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
47
Q

What muscles does the temporal branches of the facial nerve supply that is in combination with what other nerves?

A

Combination with zygomaticotemporal nerve (V2) and auriculotemporal branch (V3) supply:

  • orbicularis oculi
  • corrugator supercilii
  • frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis
48
Q

What combination of nerves supplies the orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, and the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis?

A
  • Temporal branches of CN VII
  • zygomaticotemporal nerve (V2)
  • auriculotemporal branch (V3)
49
Q

What does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve help supply?

A

orbicularis oculi

50
Q

What do the buccal branches of the facial nerve supply?

A
  • buccinator
  • orbicularis oris
  • levator anguli oris
51
Q

What does the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve supply?

A
  • risorius

- muscles of chin and lower lip

52
Q

What does the cervical branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

travels inferiority to supply the platysma

53
Q

What nerve MAY the marginal mandibular branch (branch of facial nerve) joint with?

A

mental nerve (branch of V3, posterior divison, inferior alveolar nerve)

54
Q

What nerves all help supply the orbicularis oculi muscle?

A
  • temporal branches and zygomatic branches of facial nerve
    and
  • zygomaticotemporal nerve (V2)
  • auriculotemporal branch (V3)
55
Q

What nerve does Bell’s Palsy affect? How does it manifest?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII); paralysis of one of the facial nerves, unilaterally

56
Q

What procedure may injury the facial nerve?

A

Superficial parotidectomy (removal of the parotid gland)

PNS -- Torgerud (17 decks)

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