Exam 1 - The Case for Worksite Wellness Flashcards
1
Q
Evolution of the workforce: 50 year trends
*Manufacturing (industrial) sector replaced by service industry.
*_____ enter the workforce (healthcare and education).
- Median age of workers increased as much as 10 years.
- Reliance on _______ technology vs. physical labor.
- Commuting time increased by as much as 20%.
- High numbers of working adults with chronic health conditions.
- Average cost of employer-sponsored health insurance for family of 4 is $18,142 per year.
A
Women
computer
2
Q
Evolution of the workforce: 50 year trends
- What do you think is one of the major causes of the change in trends over time?
- What other issues has this caused in our society?
- How do you think increased healthcare costs to employers has effected jobs?
- How do you think increased healthcare costs has effected our economy?
A
Hmmm….
3
Q
Healthcare Costs
- China, Russia and India – 5%
- Japan, Italy, United Kingdom – 9%
- Germany and France – 10-11%
- United States >16%
A
Yuh
4
Q
Additional financial burden of health
- American wages have [increased/decreased] over 12.4%.
- Employee health insurance premiums have [increased/decreased] over 36%.
- In 26 states, premiums [increased/decreased] more than 40%.
- Employer-paid premiums [increased/decreased] an average of 32%.
- Personal healthcare costs of Americans >25% of their annual earnings.
- Sinking money into healthcare does not mean a population is disability free (disability-adjusted life expectancy, DALE).
A
increased
increased
increased
increased
5
Q
Why healthcare costs have increased
- Economists’ view
- 85% of costs
- -_______ inflation
- -New _______
- -Increased regulatory compliance
- -Cost shifting
- 15% of costs
- Rising demand/utilization
- -Why has utilization increased?
A
Medical
technology
6
Q
Business owners and healthcare costs
*American employers pay ~__/3 of nation’s healthcare tab.
- What strategy has been employed to help employers attempt to decrease healthcare costs in their companies?
- _________ _______ _______ (____)
- -Reduce modifiable risk factors.
- -Improve employees overall health status.
- -Reduce demand for healthcare.
A
1/3
Worksite health promotion (WHP)
7
Q
Economic factors behind rising healthcare costs
- ________
- Increase in medical costs needed to help improve healthcare.
- _____ shifting (adds 25-33% to average healthcare bill)
- Hidden tax doctors and hospitals shift to employers and paying customers.
- New technology
- Innovative but costly treatments.
- _________ cases
- Transplant surgeries, HIV/AIDS cases, kidney dialysis, premature babies.
- Defensive medicine
- More done than needed to prevent potential lawsuit.
A
Inflation
Cost
Catastrophic
8
Q
Demographic shifts behind rising healthcare costs
- Aging workforce
- Baby _______ (1946-1964)
- Eldercare
*More [men/women]
- _______ workforce
- Disproportionate number of Hispanics and African-Americans are employed in ______-paying jobs in the service sector.
- Number of people working more than 1 job.
- Mental health.
A
boomers
more women
Diverse
lower
9
Q
Major employee health risks
- Medical costs increases
- -Between ages 40-50: __%
- -Between ages 50-60: __%
- Age is less of an issue if one of the following is present:
- ________
- Overweight and _______
- -As of 2014, more than 70% (ages >20yrs)
- Physical inactivity
- Diabetes
A
Between ages 40-50: 25%
Between ages 50-60: 35%
Smoking
obesity
10
Q
Major employee health risks
- Common risk factors in order of frequency (2008)
- Excess stress
- High blood pressure
- Cigarette smoking
- Back injuries
- Overweight
- Alcohol abuse
- High cholesterol
- Drug abuse
- Depression
- Other mental health problems
A
Yuh.
11
Q
Health costs and health promotion
- > 50% employer healthcare costs are due to ________ (lifestyle) risk factors.
- Modifiable risks cause significantly higher short-term healthcare expenses.
- Employees with higher risk profiles usually have [higher/lower] healthcare costs.
A
modifiable
higher
12
Q
DaimlerChrysler Corporation study (Anderson, 1995)
- 10 factors studied
- Smoking, body weight, exercise, alcohol use, driving habits, eating habits, stress, mental health, cholesterol, blood pressure.
- Findings
- Smokers had 31% [higher/lower] claims costs than nonsmokers.
- Overweight/obese employees used hospitals ___% more than lower-risk peers.
- Employees with poor diet had medical care costs 41% higher than those with good diet.
A
higher
143%
13
Q
Worksite health promotion (WHP)
- Aetna: 5 state-of-the-art fitness centers –> exercisers healthcare costs nearly $300 lower than non-exercisers.
- Dupont: Absences from non-job-related illness dropped 41% at locations where WHP were offered (5.5% drop in non-WHP sites)
- Xerox Corp: WHP participants filed 37% fewer workers’ comp (WC) claims
- FPL: Total healthcare costs dropped 35%, WC claims dropped 38% and 82% reported personal health improvements
- Coors Brewing Co.: Company saves more than $600k/yr from its onsite fitness, cardiac rehab, and rec programs
A
Okay…
14
Q
WHP in the workplace
- Goal of WHP programs are to cultivate a workforce that is:
- _______.
- _________.
- Fully ________.
- How do companies accomplish this?
- Development of evidence-based program based on _____.
- Implement strategies in an appropriate manner.
- Sustainability of high performance integrated health-management system.
A
Healthy
Productive
engaged
need
15
Q
High-performance, integrated health-management system
- Health plan benefits that are _______ driven and cost _______.
- High level of healthcare consumerism.
- Data monitoring and strategic uses related to health and productivity.
- Health ________ programs that are results oriented.
- Policy, culture, and environmental supports that enhance ______ and _________.
- Processes to manage population health.
A
consumer, efficient
promotion
health and productivity
