Exam 1 - SGLT2 Inhibitors

Question 1

What are the characteristics of the SGLT2 Inhibitors?

Answer 1

● Inhibit the sodium-­glucose transporter type 2 (SGLT2), a membrane protein expressed mainly in the early proximal tubule(S1 segment) of the kidney where 90% of renal glucose reabsorption occurs
● Inhibition of SGLT2 inhibits transport of glucose from the renal tubule back into the bloodstream → glucose remains in the urine until it is excreted by urination
● Reduce weight, blood pressure, HbA1c

Question 2

Which are the SGLT2 Inhibitors?

Answer 2

Canagliflozin (Invokana)
Dapagliflozin (Farxiga)
Empagliflozin (Jardiance)

Question 3

What do the SGLT2 Inhibitors end in?

Answer 3

gliflozin

Question 4

What are the characteristics of Canagliflozin (Invokana) Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) Empagliflozin (Jardiance)?

Answer 4

● Mild weight loss  (2-­5 kg)
● Adverse side effects:
● Genital mycotic infections in both men and women
● Urinary tract infections
● Polyuria, polydipsia
● Volume depletion due to diuretic effect arising from increased osmolality of the urine → hypotension
● Constipation
● Ketoacidosis
● Contraindicated in Type 1 diabetes