EXAM 1 REVIEW Flashcards
The amount of infrared radiation (heat) absorbed by a give latitude is affected by:
a. The concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere
b. The hemisphere in which the latitude is located
c. The angle at which solar radiation (light) strikes that latitude
d. A & C
e. All of the above
d. A & C
The fact that latitudes between 0 and 25°N/S have wet and dry seasons
during varying months of the year indicates:
A. These latitudes have relatively warm air
B. The albedo of Earth’s surface between 0 and 25°N/S fluctuates throughout the year
C. The latitude at which Hadley Cells converge shift throughout the year
D. The amount of evaporation that occurs between 0 and 25°N/S fluctuates throughout the year
C. The latitude at which Hadley Cells converge shift throughout the year
Which of the following would likely lead to natural selection?
A. A mutation arises that increases muscle mass in a tadpole population, allowing some tadpoles to better escape from predators.
B. A mutation arises that reduces immune function in a bird population, making some birds more likely to die of disease.
C. A mutation arises that causes a plant’s chloroplasts to be able to absorb short and long wavelength light (i.e. phenotypic plasticity), though their environment only has short wavelength light.
D. A & B
E. All of the above
D. A & B
Individual adult ground finches were more likely to grow deeper beaks during the drought, because that was the only way they could eat the large seeds and survive.
True or False?
FALSE
Think back to how we would expect natural selection to influence allele frequencies for beak depth (assuming two alleles only; B = big beak, b = small beak), after the drought.
Once the drought ends, plants that produce both large and small seeds will be able to survive on the island. If a variety of seed sizes become available on the island, what would we expect to happen to the frequency of the big-beak allele (B) in future generations of medium ground finches?
A. “B” will continue to increase; “b” will begin to increase.
B. “B” will continue to increase; “b” will begin to decrease.
C. “B” will begin to decrease; “b” will begin to increase.
D. “B” will begin to decrease; “b” will begin to decrease.
C. “B” will begin to decrease; “b” will begin to increase.
This graph shows the fitness of three genotypes in two different environments. If an individual is ONLY likely to encounter Environment Y, which genotype would be favored by natural selection?
A. Nonplastic genotype X
B. Nonplastic genotype Y
C. Plastic genotype Z
B. Nonplastic genotype Y
Assume that shell hardness is a plant defense that reduces seed herbivory. In this case, the increased beak depth in the generations of
medium ground finches born after the drought would ______________________.
A. Be an example of coevolution
B. Not be an example of coevolution
C. Be an example of a new mutation in the offspring generation
D. A & C
A. Be an example of coevolution
