exam 1 questions

Question 1

all of these affect contrast

Answer 1

kVp

(contrast is mA)

Question 2

what is the inherent filtration, list 2 examples

Answer 2

insulating oil
metal housing
glass envelope

Question 3

Explain qualitative digital analysis? 2 examples

Answer 3

1. using algorithms to mathematically change density values to predetermined numerical values
2. magnification and edge enhancement

Question 4

picture of CCD digital sensor taken apart

1. which one reads the electrical signal
2. which one converts visible light to electrical signal

Answer 4

1. dark purple with chips
2. light purple

Question 5

what increases magnification

Answer 5

increased object to receptor distance

or

decreased source to object

Question 5

what wave has the most energy

Answer 5

the one with with the highest frequency

Question 6

transmission of energy through space and matter

Answer 6

radiation

Question 7

explains propagation of radiation (creating)

Answer 7

wave theory

Question 8

explains interaction of radiation with matter

Answer 8

quantum theory (interacting/mass)

Question 9

shorter wavelength=
_____frequency
_____energy radiation

Answer 9

shorter wavelength
higher frequency
higher energy radiation

Question 10

non-ionizing examples

Answer 10

radiowaves
microwaves
infrared radiation
visible light
~ultraviolet light

Question 11

ionizing
(have sufficient energy to eject electron from the shells)

Answer 11

x-rays
gamma rays

Question 12

WEIGHTLESS packages of pure energy (photons) without an electrical charge which travel in waves with specific freq and wavelength at speed of light and ionize matter

Answer 12

xrays

Question 13

list properties of xrays

Answer 13

1. travel in straight line
2. invisible, weightless, no charge
3. travel at speed of light
4. high penetrating(short wavelengths)
5. can ionize matter
6. differentially absorbed by matter
7. produce biological changes

Question 14

minimm energy required to remove proton from nucleus

Answer 14

binding energy

Question 15

energy needed to remove an electron from its shell

Answer 15

binding energy

Question 16

what is the focusing cup made of and what is its charge

Answer 16

molybdenum
negative

Question 17

picture of xray tube and asks what dissipates heat

Answer 17

copper stem

Question 18

picture of xray tube and asks what creates the electrons

Answer 18

tungsten filaments
(emits electrons)

Question 19

the transformer that brings 110 volts to 3-5 volts and is controlled by what

Answer 19

step down transformer
controlled by mA

Question 20

what increases sharpness

Answer 20

increase source to object distance

Question 21

why did it take so long to switch from film to digital

Answer 21

expensive equipment and patient comfort

or expensive and image quality

Question 22

In the production of a digital image in CMOS, what does the x-radiation get converted to?

Answer 22

visible light-> what the scintillator does

Question 23

how fast does the xray travel in vacuum

Answer 23

speed of light

Question 24

what is true about copper and tungsten

Answer 24

K shell of tungsten is more energy than L shell

Question 25

characterisitic radiation

Answer 25

electron to electron

Question 26

bremsstrahlung radiation

Answer 26

electron to nucleus

Question 27

which one has lowest radiation
film
CMOS
CCD

Answer 27

CCD

Question 28

what is CCD

Answer 28

direct

Question 29

why is low vapor pressure important

Answer 29

maintain vacuum

Question 30

BW where contacts are overlapped, what is wrong

Answer 30

horizontal angulation is off

Question 31

Picture of X-ray head and says what must be maintained in space 5?

Answer 31

vacuum

Question 32

What is the point of line-principle system?

Answer 32

used to dissipate heat and increase resolution

Question 33

what does rectifier do to electrons

Answer 33

always go cathode to anode

Question 34

what does rectifier do

Answer 34

turn alternative to direct and go cathode to anode

Question 35

if it hits nucleus directly, what energy is released and what type of xray

Answer 35

maximum energy released
bremsstrahlung

Question 36

matter is

Answer 36

mass and takes up space

Question 37

Edge enhancement does what?

Answer 37

simulate or hide disease states

Question 38

if you increase____ then the ___ of electrons will increase

Answer 38

mA
amount of electrons

Question 39

which element is associated with film

Answer 39

silver

Question 40

what is non ionizing radiation

Answer 40

microwaves

radiowaves
microwaves
infrared rays
visible light
ultra violet light

Question 41

what has the best spatial resolution

Answer 41

film

Question 42

definition of thermionic emmision

Answer 42

when filament is heated with low voltage source and emits electrons at a rate proportional to its temperature

Question 43

When object and receptor are not parallel and beam and receptor are perpendicular?

Answer 43

teeth appear shorter

Question 44

smaller focal spot

Answer 44

higher spatial resolution

Question 45

Decrease sharpening:

Answer 45

larger focal spot

Question 46

def of quality

Answer 46

mean energy of the xrays

Question 47

high contrast needs ____kVp

Answer 47

low

Question 48

parts of cathode

Answer 48

tungsten filament
and focusing cup (molybdenum)

Question 49

if you want to keep density the same and double mA, what would u do to time

Answer 49

half it

Question 50

Electron from inner gets knocked out and electron from outer fills in

Answer 50

characteristic

Question 51

Which of the following requires the use of chemical interactions to produce a radiographic image?
a. CMOS
b. PSP
c. Film
d. CCD

Answer 51

film

Question 52

rate of loss of energy from a particle as it moves through matter

Answer 52

ionizing rate

Question 53

process of forming positive and negative ion by removal of electron from neutral atom

Answer 53

ionization