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Sum 2014 - Anat Exam 1 > Exam 1 - Pectoral, Shoulder and Axilla regions > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Pectoral, Shoulder and Axilla regions Flashcards

1
Q

Using a model or picture - name the parts of the Clavicle. Identify right and left.

A

Sternal end, Shaft, Acromial end, Impression for Costoclavicular ligament, Subclavian groove, Conoid Tubercle and Acromial facet

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2
Q

Using a model or picture - name the parts of the Scapula. Identify right and left.

A

Acromion, Coracoid Process, Glenoid Cavity, Suprascapular notch, Infraspinous fossa, Spine

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3
Q

What are the major superficial muscles of the back?

A

Trapezius, Levator scapulae, Rhomboid minor, Rhomboid major, Deltoid, Teres major, Latissimus dorsi

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4
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the Trapezius?

A

Origins - Occipital protuberance, Nuchal ligament, C7-T12 Spinous processes
Insertions - lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Scapular spine

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5
Q

What are the functions of the Trapezius?

A

Elevates and depresses the scapula (depending on which part of the muscle contracts); Rotates the scapula superiorly; retracts scapula

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6
Q

What innervates the Trapezius?

A

Accessory

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7
Q

What is the blood supply for the Trapezius?

A

Transverse Cervical artery

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8
Q

What are the origins of the Latissimus dorsi?

A

Vertebral spines from T7 to the Sacrum. Posterior 1/3 of Iliac Crest. Lower 3 or 4 ribs.

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9
Q

What are the insertions of the Latissimus dorsi?

A

Floor of the Intertubercular groove of the humerus

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10
Q

What are the functions of the Latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends the arm and rotates the arm medially

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11
Q

What innervates the Latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve from the posterior cord

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12
Q

What is the blood supply for the Latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal artery

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13
Q

What are the origins of Teres major?

A

Dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the Scapula

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14
Q

What are the insertions of Teres major?

A

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the Humerus. Has a very close insertion point to the Latissimus dorsi at the Humerus.

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15
Q

What innervates the Teres major?

A

Lower Subscapular nerve from the Posterior cord

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16
Q

What are the functions of Teres major?

A

Adducts the arm. Medially rotates the arm. Assists in arm extension.

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17
Q

What is the blood supply for Teres major?

A

Circumflex scapular artery

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18
Q

What are the origins for Levator scapulae?

A

Transverse processes of C1-C4

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19
Q

What are the insertions for Levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of the Scapula from the Superior angle to the spine

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20
Q

What are the functions of Levator Scapulae?

A

Elevates the Scapula

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21
Q

What innervates the Levator Scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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22
Q

What supplies blood to the Levator Scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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23
Q

What are the origins of Rhomboid minor?

A

Inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae. Spines of C7-T1

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24
Q

What are the insertions of Rhomboid minor?

A

Medial border of the Scapula at the root of the Spine of the Scapula

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25
Q

What are the functions of Rhomboid minor?

A

Retracts, elevates and rotates the Scapula inferiorly

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26
Q

What innervates the Rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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27
Q

What supplies blood to the Rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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28
Q

What are the origins of the Rhomboid major?

A

Spines of T2-T5

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29
Q

What are the insertions of the Rhomboid Major?

A

Medial border of the Scapula at the root of the spine of the Scapula

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30
Q

What are the functions of the Rhomboid major?

A

Retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly

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31
Q

What innervates the Rhomboid major?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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32
Q

What supplies blood to the Rhomboid major?

A

Dorsal Scapular artery

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33
Q

What are the origins of the Deltoid?

A

Lateral 1/3 of the Clavicle. Acromion. Lower lip of the Crest of the Spine of the Scapula

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34
Q

What are the insertions of the Deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of the Humerus

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35
Q

What are the functions of the Deltoid?

A

Abducts the arm; Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm; Posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the arm.

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36
Q

What innervates the Deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve from the Posterior cord

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37
Q

What supplies blood to the Deltoid?

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral artery

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38
Q

What is the Deltoid poor at and needs help with?

A

Starting to Abduct the arm. The Supraspinatus helps with the first 15 degrees of abduction.

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39
Q

What are the origins of the Supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinatous fossa

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40
Q

What are the insertions of the Supraspinatus?

A

Greater tubercle of the Humerus

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41
Q

What are the functions of the Supraspinatus?

A

Does the first 15 degrees of abduction of the arm

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42
Q

What innervates the Supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve

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43
Q

What supplies blood to the Supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular artery

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44
Q

What are the origins of the Infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinatus fossa

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45
Q

What are the insertions of the Infraspinatus?

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

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46
Q

What are the functions of the Infraspinatus?

A

Laterally rotates the arm

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47
Q

What innervates the Infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve

48
Q

What supplies blood to the Infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular artery

49
Q

What are the origins of Teres minor?

A

Upper 2/3 of the lateral border of the Scapula

50
Q

What are the insertions of Teres minor?

A

Greater tubercle of the Humerus.

51
Q

What are the functions of Teres minor?

A

Laterally rotates the arm

52
Q

What innervates Teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve

53
Q

What supplies blood to Teres minor?

A

Circumflex scapular artery

54
Q

What are the origins of the Subscapularis?

A

Medial 2/3 of the costal surface of the Scapula

55
Q

What are the insertions of the Subscapularis?

A

Lesser tubercle of the Humerus

56
Q

What are the functions of the Subscapularis?

A

Medially rotates the arm; Assists extension of the arm

57
Q

What innervates the Subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

58
Q

What supplies blood to the Subscapularis?

A

Subscapular artery

59
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and Teres minor

60
Q

What are the origins of Pectoralis major?

A

medial 1/2 of the clavicle; manubrium and body of sternum; costal cartilages of ribs 2-6

61
Q

What are the insertions of Pectoralis major?

A

Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

62
Q

What are the functions of Pectoralis major?

A

Flexes and adducts the arm; Medially rotates the arm

63
Q

What innervates Pectoralis major?

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

64
Q

What supplies blood to Pectoralis major?

A

Pectoral branch of the Thoracoacromial trunk

65
Q

What are the origins of Pectoralis minor?

66
Q

What are the insertions of Pectoralis minor?

A

coracoid process of the Scapula

67
Q

What are the functions of Pectoralis minor?

A

Draws the Scapula forward, medialward and downward

68
Q

What innervates Pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve

69
Q

What supplies blood to Pectoralis minor?

A

Pectoral branch of the Thoracoacromial trunk

70
Q

What are the origins of Subclavius?

A

First rib and its cartilage

71
Q

What are the insertions of Subclavius?

A

Inferior surface of the Clavicle

72
Q

What are the functions of Subclavius?

A

Draws the clavicle (and hence the shoulder) down and forward

73
Q

What innervates Subclavius?

A

Nerve to Subclavius.

74
Q

What supplies blood to Subclavius?

A

Clavicular branch of the Thoracoacromial trunk

75
Q

What are the origins of Serratus Anterior?

A

Ribs 1-8 or 9

76
Q

What are the insertions of Serratus Anterior?

A

Medial border of the Scapula on its costal (deep) surface

77
Q

What are the functions of Serratus Anterior?

A

It draws the scapula forward; The inferior fibers rotate the Scapula superiorly

78
Q

What innervates Serratus Anterior?

A

Long Thoracic nerve

79
Q

What supplies blood to Serratus Anterior?

A

Lateral Thoracic artery

80
Q

What makes up the boundaries of the Axilla.

A

Apex – Also known as the axillary inlet, this is formed by lateral border of the first rib, superior border of scapula, and the posterior border of the clavicle.
Lateral wall - Formed by intertubecular groove of the humerus.
Medial wall - Consists of the serratus anterior and the thoracic wall (ribs and intercostal muscles).
Anterior wall - Contains the pectoralis major and the underlying pectoralis minor and the subclavius muscles.
Posterior wall - Formed by the subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi.

81
Q

What is the nickname for Serratus Anterior?

A

Boxers muscle

82
Q

What are the boundaries for the Axillary artery?

A

Starts at the Subclavian as it passes the first rib then ends at the inferior border of Teres major as it turns into the Brachial artery.

83
Q

Where are the three parts of the Axillary artery?

A

1st part - First rib to Pectoralis minor.
2nd part - Posterior to pectoralis minor
3rd part - Lateral border of Pectoralis minor to inferior border of Teres major

84
Q

What artery comes off of the first part of the Axillary artery?

A

Superior Thoracic artery

85
Q

What arteries come off of the second part of the Axillary artery?

A

Thoracoacromial and Lateral Thoracic arteries

86
Q

What arteries come off of the third part of the Axillary artery?

A

Subscapular (thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular), Anterior humeral circumflex and Posterior humeral circumflex arteries

87
Q

What are the names of the 5 parts of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches

88
Q

What is the root of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Anterior Primary Ramus C5-T1

89
Q

What are the Trunks of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Superior, Middle, Inferior

90
Q

What are the Divisions of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Anterior and Posterior

91
Q

What are the Cords of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Medial, Lateral and Posterior

92
Q

What are the Terminal Branches of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve, Median nerve, Ulnar nerve, Axillary nerve, and Radial nerve

93
Q

Where does the Dorsal Scapular nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

94
Q

Where does the Long Thoracic nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Long Thoracic is a combination of C5, C6 and C7 roots

95
Q

Where does the Subclavian nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Superior trunk

96
Q

Where does the Suprascapular nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Anterior Division of the Superior Trunk

97
Q

Where does the Lateral Pectoral nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Lateral cord

98
Q

Where does the Upper and Lower Subscapular nerves come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Posterior cord

99
Q

Where does the Thoracodorsal nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Posterior cord

100
Q

Where does the Medial Pectoral nerve come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Medial cord

101
Q

Where does the Medial Cutaneous nerve of arm come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Medial cord

102
Q

Where does the Medial Cutanesous nerve of forearm come off in the Brachial Plexus?

A

The Medial cord

103
Q

What two cords make up the Median nerve?

A

The Lateral and Medial cords

104
Q

What cord does the Musculocutaneous nerve come off of?

A

The Lateral cord

105
Q

What cord does the Axillary nerve come off of?

A

The Posterior cord

106
Q

What cord does the Radial nerve come off of?

A

The Posterior cord

107
Q

What cord does the Ulnar nerve come off of?

A

The Medial cord

108
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of arm

A

Musculocutaneous

109
Q

What muscles do the Musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii and Brachialis.

110
Q

What muscles do the Median nerve innervate?

A

Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus, Flexor pollicis longus, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Pronator quadratus, Flexor digitorum profundus (lateral 1/2 to digits 2-3), Thenar muscles and Lumbricals to digits 2-3

111
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Median nerve and Ulnar nerve

112
Q

What nerve innervates the Posterior compartment of arm?

A

Radial nerve

113
Q

What nerve innervates the Posterior compartment of forearm?

A

Radial nerve

114
Q

What muscles do the Radial nerve innervate?

A

Triceps brachii (long, lateral and short head), Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Anconeus, Supinator, Posterior interosseous, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor indicis, Extensor digitorum

115
Q

What muscles do the Ulnar nerve innervate?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris and Flexor digitorum profundus (medial 1/2 to digits 4,5), Palmar interossei, Adductor pollicis, Palmaris brevis, Hypothenar muscles, Lumbricals to digits 4,5, and Dorsal interossei

Sum 2014 - Anat Exam 1 (14 decks)

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