exam 1 key drugs

Question 1

aldosterone

Answer 1

a corticosteroid hormone which stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys and so regulates water and salt balance

Question 2

barbituate

Answer 2

any of a class of sedative and sleep inducing drugs derived from barbituric acid

Question 3

morphine

Answer 3

an analgesic and narcotic drug obtained from opium and used medicinally to relieve pain

Question 4

amphetamine

Answer 4

a synthetic, addictive, mood-altering drug used illegally as a stimulant and legally as a prescription drug to treat children with ADD and adults with narcolepsy.

Question 5

chlordiazepoxide

Answer 5

a tranquilizer of the benzodiazepine group, used to treat anxiety and alcoholism

Question 6

phenobarbital

Answer 6

used to control seizures and relieve anxiety, it is used to prevent withdrawal symptoms on another barbiturate medication

Question 7

aspirin

Answer 7

reduce fever and relive mild to moderate pain

Question 8

codeine

Answer 8

an opiod pain reliver used to treat mild to moderately severe pain. it is also used in combination with other medications

Question 9

secobarbital

Answer 9

used on a short-term basis to treat insomnia, works by slowing activity in the brain

Question 10

-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Answer 10

neurotransmitter, a chemical messenger in your brain, it slows down the brian by blocking specific signal. Reduces neural excitability

Question 11

1,2-Diacylglycerol (DAG)

Answer 11

used to promote weight loss and to treat high levels of triglycerides

Question 12

3’,5’ cyclic AMP

Answer 12

second messenger important to many biological processes, a derivative of adenosine triphosphate and used for intracellular signal transduction

Question 13

3’, 5’ cyclic GMP

Answer 13

a cyclie nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate. acts as a second messenger

Question 14

acetic acid

Answer 14

an acidic, colorless liquid and organic compound

Question 15

acetylcholine

Answer 15

a type of chemical messenger, or neurotransmitter, that plays a vital role in the CNS and PNS. it is important for muscle control, autonomic body functions, learning, memory and attention

Question 16

acetylcholine esterase

Answer 16

an enzyme that causes rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Its action serves to stop excitation of a nerve after transmission of an impulse

Question 17

acetyl-coA

Answer 17

a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Delivers the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production

Question 18

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 18

a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Produced in response to biological stress

Question 19

angiotensin

Answer 19

a protein whose presence in the blood promotes aldosterone secretion and tends to raise blood pressure

Question 20

cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)

Answer 20

known to regulate the expression of genes important to cell proliferation, differentiation, adaption, and survival in many cell types

Question 21

cholecystokinin

Answer 21

a hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and secretion of enzymes by the pancreas