exam 1 key drugs Flashcards
aldosterone
a corticosteroid hormone which stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys and so regulates water and salt balance
barbituate
any of a class of sedative and sleep inducing drugs derived from barbituric acid
morphine
an analgesic and narcotic drug obtained from opium and used medicinally to relieve pain
amphetamine
a synthetic, addictive, mood-altering drug used illegally as a stimulant and legally as a prescription drug to treat children with ADD and adults with narcolepsy.
chlordiazepoxide
a tranquilizer of the benzodiazepine group, used to treat anxiety and alcoholism
phenobarbital
used to control seizures and relieve anxiety, it is used to prevent withdrawal symptoms on another barbiturate medication
aspirin
reduce fever and relive mild to moderate pain
codeine
an opiod pain reliver used to treat mild to moderately severe pain. it is also used in combination with other medications
secobarbital
used on a short-term basis to treat insomnia, works by slowing activity in the brain
-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
neurotransmitter, a chemical messenger in your brain, it slows down the brian by blocking specific signal. Reduces neural excitability
1,2-Diacylglycerol (DAG)
used to promote weight loss and to treat high levels of triglycerides
3’,5’ cyclic AMP
second messenger important to many biological processes, a derivative of adenosine triphosphate and used for intracellular signal transduction
3’, 5’ cyclic GMP
a cyclie nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate. acts as a second messenger
acetic acid
an acidic, colorless liquid and organic compound
acetylcholine
a type of chemical messenger, or neurotransmitter, that plays a vital role in the CNS and PNS. it is important for muscle control, autonomic body functions, learning, memory and attention
acetylcholine esterase
an enzyme that causes rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Its action serves to stop excitation of a nerve after transmission of an impulse
acetyl-coA
a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Delivers the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production
adrenocorticotropic hormone
a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Produced in response to biological stress
angiotensin
a protein whose presence in the blood promotes aldosterone secretion and tends to raise blood pressure
cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)
known to regulate the expression of genes important to cell proliferation, differentiation, adaption, and survival in many cell types
cholecystokinin
a hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and secretion of enzymes by the pancreas
