Exam 1: IV pt. 2 Flashcards
What is the context of Organizational/Corporate Crime?
Context: A corporation
Who are the primary victims of Organizational/Corporate Crime?
Public/Taxpayers, Consumers, Employees
What are the two types of harm caused by Organizational/Corporate Crime?
1) Physical (Corporate Violence)
2) Economic
What are the consequences of Unsafe Environmental Practices?
1) Imm. Physical Injury
2) Future injury
3) Emotional
4) Disruption in activities
5) Remediation costs
6) Property damage
7) Ecological damage
It’s hard pursue violations of organizational/corporate crime as criminal cases because?
1) Intent
2) Victims are not aware of who caused
What are the 3 main types of unsafe products?
1) Food products
2) Pharmaceutical products/Medical devices
3) Transportation Products and Services
____-_______ _________ and _________ are the biggest
cause of disability and premature death in the U.S.
Work-related accidents
diseases
True or False: work-related accidents and diseases are rarely subject to penalties
True
What are some examples of unsafe working conditions?
¤ Mining Industry
¤ Construction work – e.g., exposure to asbestos
¤ Manufacturing accidents
What happened during the film recovery systems?
Cyanide was used on film recovery.
Lack of ventilation in workplace and received cloth gloves, which employees complained about.
Stefan died by inhaling it.
What was the punishment for the recovery systems?
- Each sentenced 25 years
- Overturned on technical grounds
What are the 6 types of economic consequences of corporate crimes?
1) Defrauding the government and corporate tax evasion
2) Price-fixing, price gouging, false advertising,
misrepresentation of products
3) Economic exploitation, corporate theft, unfair labor
practices, and surveillance of employees
4) Discount and Chargeback Fraud
5) Monopolistic practices and theft of trade
6) Managerial accounting fraud, self-dealing, and
strategic bankruptcy
Who are the victims of Defrauding the govt./Corporate tax evasion?
Taxpayers give $ to the government, who in turn are
supposed to provide social services…
What are the 3 types of Defrauding the govt./Corporate tax evasion?
1) Contract Fraud
2) Health Care Provider Fraud
3) Corporate Tax Evasion
What is the difference between Contract Fraud
and Health Care Provider Fraud?
Contract Fraud- overcharge for goods or services provided
Health Care Provider Fraud- fraud-services rendered, kickbacks for referrals, inflating bills
What is the difference between Contract Fraud
and Corporate Tax Evasion?
Contract Fraud- overcharge for goods or services provided
Corporate Tax Evasion- padding tax figures, fraudulent claims, offshore
What is the difference between Corporate Tax Evasion
and Health Care Provider Fraud?
Corporate Tax Evasion- padding tax figures, fraudulent claims, offshore
Health Care Provider Fraud- fraud-services rendered, kickbacks for referrals, inflating bills
What is the difference between price fixing and price gouging?
Price fixing: when competitors collaborate to raise
prices
Price gouging: when corporations overcharge
customers
What is the difference between false advertising/misrepresentation and consumer fraud?
False advertising/misrepresentation: when you say a
product is capable of something it is not
Consumer Fraud: the use of deceit, lies, or
misrepresentations to entice consumers
____________ are deductions that the larger corporation
takes from suppliers, claiming that the goods were defective or unwanted
Chargebacks
_________ _____: Franchises are promised discounts for
purchases from the larger corporation but never receive
them
Discount fraud
How do corporations try to get monopolies?
- Reducing competitors’ sales
- Increasing competitors’ costs
________ ____ ______ to make it look like the company is making more of a profit than it does
Cooking the books
Corporations may try to evade payment of debts/
obligations by declaring __________ (often have money
hidden somewhere)
bankruptcy
What are the different types of WCC?
¤ Corporate Crime
¤ Financial Crime
¤ Occupational Crime
__________ _______ - the unauthorized taking, control, or transfer of money/property of the formal work organization by an employee during the course of occupational activity
Employee crime
True or False: Financial crimes are also corporate crimes
False
_________ _______-Large-scale illegality that occurs in the world of finance/financial institutions
Financial crimes
___________ ______- Any act punishable by law that is
committed through opportunity created in the course of
an occupation that is legal.
Occupational Crime
What are the 2 basic types of Occupational Crime:
Small business crime?
1) Retail Crime
2) Principal form of harm
What are the 4 types of professional crime?
1) Medical crime
2) Legal crime
3) Academic crime
4) Religious crime
Medical crime looks like?
¤ Medicare/Medicaid fraud
¤ Overutilization
¤ Conflicts of interest
Religious leaders use their positions to commit crime: ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤
¤ Cover-ups in the Catholic Church
¤ Embezzlement happens a lot!
¤ Fraud
¤ Sexual assault of minors
