Exam 1: Introduction to General Pathology Flashcards
Give the MDx
Multifocal, acute renal necrosis and hemorrhage or
Multifocal, acute necrohemorrhagic nephritis
What is the likely cause for these changes in the kidney of a puppy? Give the pathogenesis
CHV-1: Transmission to puppy at birth –> incubation –> viral repliation at 37 C –> endothelial cell tropism –>multifocal necrosis in numerous organs
What is a Clinical Dx based on?
Case history, clinical signs, physical exam (may also including a differential Dx)
Who said, “disease begins at the molecular and cell level”
Rudolph Virchow
What is etiology?
The VERY SPECIFIC CAUSE of the disease;
can be genetic/intrinsic or acquired/extrinsic
What is pathogenesis?
The sequence of events in disease development (from beginning to end)
What are the four aspects of disease?
etiology, pathogenesis, molecular and morphological changes (in cells/organs) and clinical manifestation
True or False: More than one etiology can lead to a disease.
True. Disease can be multifactorial
What is a differential Dx?
a list of all the possibly diseases that could cause the symptoms/lesions
What is the clinical pathologic diagnosis?
Dx based on chemical changes in fluids/bloods or structure/fcn of cells in a living patient
What is a morphologic Dx? and what is it based on?
“lesion diagnosis” based on the predominant lesion in the tissue
What are the 5 elements in a MDx?
- location
- severity
- duration/time
- distribution
- nature
What is an EDx?
The specific cause of the disease, definitive Dx
TWO WORDS
Give the MDx for this image from a dog
Pulmonary arter: diffuse chronic arteritis with intralesional nematodes
Give the EDx for this image from a dog
verminous arteritis or Dirofilarial arteritis
Give the EDx for this image of a cat
bacterial dermatitis or Streptococcal dermatitis
What is a prognosis? What is essential to making an accurate prognosis?
Prognosis is predicting the outcome of a disease. You must correctly diagnose the disease and have a good understanding of the disease and its pathogenesis
What is the EDx for this image from a puppy
herpesviral nephritis
What does pathognomonic mean?
Characteristic only of a specific disease. There are very few examples of this.
This image from a puppy is pathognomonic for what?
canine herpesvirus-1 nephritis
What is shown here? This image is pathognomonic for what?
negrid body in a neural cell; characteristic of Rabies
Give the MDx for this tissue. What caused this?
Kidney: segmental renal cortical necrosis; caused by an infarct
Give the MDx. What could cause this? What would you suspect if found in cattle?
Diffuse granulomatous enteritis – abormal thickened intestine
could be inflammation or neoplasia
enteritis in cattle suspect tuberculosis
Give the MDx for this image from a dog
splenic hermangiosarcoma
