Exam 1: Images from Path 1 Lab 1 Flashcards
This tissue is from a dog. Give the description
black multifocal lesions in grey matter of brain, pinpoint to variable in size, along with areas of redness
Why are these black lesions unlikely to be pseudomelanosis?
Because of the 3D shape of the nodules it is unlikely to be pseudomelanosis. Pseudomelanosis would be a splash of color. The shape indicates a mass.
Why could these black areas not be caused by melanocytosis?
Because melanocytosis is a BENIGN tumor and would not metastisize
Could this be caused by melanoma?
yes, it could be a metastasized malignant tumor
What is the most likely cause of the lesions shown?
Metastisis of hermangiosarcoma
Give a description for this image
Diffuse White discoloration throughout the endocardium, thin heart walls
What is this a likely example of in this sheep’s heart?
necrosis of the tissue with mineralization = White Muscle Disease
Give the MDx:
heart with multifocal to coalescing ischemic necrosis
or endocardium necrosis (necrotizing endocarditis; ischemic necrosis of endocardium; necrotizing myocarditis)
In this sheep heart, why is this abnormality likely not caused by fatty change?
Because sheep will more likely exhibit fatty changes in their liver from fatty degeneration for energy. Fatty infiltration is more common in dogs with certain conditions
Give the EDx for this image:
nutritional endocarditis or nutritional cardiomyopathy or nutritional myocarditis
Give the etiology for this image:
Selenium and/or Vitamin E deficiency = white muscle disease
What is the change in this heart and why? A) Dysplasia, B) Hyperplasia, C) hypertrophy, D) Metaplasia
Hypertrophy because cardiomyocytes cannot divide so it cannot be hyperplasia.
Give a description for this tissue:
enlarged, thickened ventricular wall of a heart
Give the MDx for this image:
Severe Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
If both ventricles were thickened, what would the MDx be?
Severe diffuse hypertrophy
What are predisposing factors for this disease? What are predisposed breeds?
- Hyperthyroidism - causes increased BP which causes thickening of heart muscles
- Cats are also predisposed
- Maine Coone Cat - genetics
- American/British Short-haired cat - idiopathic
- Rag Doll
- Persion
- Dogs: Boxer, Burmese, Doberman Pincher
What would this tissue look like histologically?
(Depending on the breed) increased fat, increased size of cells, wavy, disorganized fibers, increased fibrous connective tissue
Give the description for this tissue from a dog:
Diffuse pale liver with rounded edges
Give the most likely MDx for this tissue from a dog:
Diffuse hepatic lipidosis
Could the white color be caused by fibrosis (fibrous infiltration)? Why or Why not?
No because there is no tissue shrinking
What is the etiology of this tissue from a dog?
Fatty degeneration
Could the white color in this tissue from a dog be caused by mineralization? Why or why not?
No because there is not a “gritty” appearance to the tissue
Could the white color in this tissue from a dog be caused by ischemia? why or why not?
Very unlikely, there is a lot of blood flow in the liver, it would be extremely rare for ischemia to be this diffuse
Could the white color in this tissue from a dog be caused by white blood cell infiltration?
It could be but it is not common. The clue here would be to float the liver. A more common diagnosis would be fatty degeneration
What condition is exhibited in the upper liver? What can cause this condition?
Hepatic lipidosis.
Caused by accumulation of triglycerides, neutral fats and/or cholesterol in the liver (building up faster than they can be degraded or released by lipoproteins) (this could be a result of starvation and the need to digest fats for energy)
This histology is associated with what condition in the liver?
Hepatic lipidosis.
Fatty vacuoles present. Lipid is diluting the color of the cells
What are the special stains we should use to confirm hepatic lipidosis in a histology slide?
Red-O, Sudan III or Sudan IV
In what species would hepatic lipidosis have a poor prognosis?
Ducks, Sheep, Cats
In what species would hepatic lipidosis be an incidental finding?
Fish
A pony presents with hepatic lipidosis. Will the liver look like this? why or why not? What would the blood of this pony contain? What other organs would have lipidosis?
No.
Pony liver would have some mutations of mucopolysaccharides and glycerine, etc, very rarely would it induce accumulation of lipids.
Lipidosis would also be present in the pancreas and in the cytoplasm of cells
