Exam 1: Anomalies, Artifacts and Non-significant Lesions Flashcards
What is the name of a finding that is commonly found but may vary from species to species?
Normal
What type of finding shows a change that occurs which is iatrogenic?
Artifact
What is an abnormality that has no known clinical relevance to disease?
Non-significant lesion
Name this anatomic structure. What species is this present in?
Bovid: Ossa Cordis.
Similar structure found in old horses and older large breed dogs.
In what animals is this structure cartilagenous?
Foals
In what animal is this a hemopoietic organ?
Goats
Name this tissue from a bovine. What specialized structure is visible in the mucosal layer of this specimen?
Small Intestine (Ileum). Peyer’s Patches (can also be in the jejunum, becoming more numerous as you move distally along the small intestine)
What is shown here?
Peyer’s patches in the Ileum
What cells form the peyer’s patches?
Aggregated lymphatic nodules in the lamina propria and submucosa of small intestine, lined by microfold cells
Name is tissue from a dog. What are the whitish structues present?
Cecum; lymphoid aggregates
When are these whitish structures usually seen in dogs?
are they ever present in other species? What layer are these structures located in?
at all ages but more prominent in younger dogs.
Horses.
Muscularis? not sure
Identify this feline organ. What is seen that is common for this organ?
liver. Bi-lobed gall bladders (common in cats)
Name this tissue (from a horse) and finding.
Could this be seen in any other animals?
Horse spleen; lymphoid hyperlasia
May also be seen in cows
Why do young animals normally have lymphoid hyperplasia?
Because their immune system is growing
Name this tissue anomaly in the dog. Is this a normal variation?
Bilobed tailed of the spleen;
this is a normal variation in the dog
How can we tell if the bilobed portion of this organ from a dog is caused by trauma or is normal?
This is in a dog so it is an expected normal variation.
There is no fibrosis, no connected daughter spleens or fibrous adhesions which would indicate a rupture
What is a daughter spleen?
A daughter spleen is a fragment of the spleen which has broken off via trauma, but remains attached to the spleen via fibrous connective tissue (fibrosis)
Name this organ from a horse. What is the white fiber and what was it caused by?
This is a horse spleen.
There is a fibrous adhesion where the splenic capsule was likely damaged
Identify this organ from the horse. What are the red protrusion?
This is a horse spleen. The red protrusions are extruded red pulp. They are typically 1-3mm blebs on the splenic capsular surface
Whare are the changes shown in the yellow rectangle on this horse spleen? Do they indicate trauma?
Extruded red pulp and splenic capsular folds; Primarily seen in horses/foals.
Not due to trauma
Name this species and the specialized structure
Emu
tracheal diverticulum - opens to an inflatable sac
Identify this bovine tissue. What is the change?
This is the lung (see the trachea?);
melanosis is the change
In what animals is melanosis primarily seen in?
Is it a normal finding?
seen in black-faced sheep, angus cattle, holstein cattle;
it is NORMAL black pigmentation
What other organs are commonly affected by melanosis?
(lungs) meninges, uterus, intima of pulmonary artery
