Exam 1: General Information Flashcards
Cells with the same morphology for function form???
Tissues
Anatomically discreet collections of tissues. they perform certain functions
Organs
Cells that make up a functional element of an organ
Parenchyma
structural framework of an organ or background tissue.
Stroma
Contains modified cells responsible for intercelluar communication
Nervous tissue
What happens to unfixed tissues??
The autolyze and dentature
What can be used to fix tissues in tissue preparation?
fix in FORMALIN, (37% formaldehyde). This causes cross-linking for proteins and preserve the tissue.
What are most common types of stains??
Hematoxylin- blue basic dye. This stains acids and is basophilic (blue/purple).
Eosin which is a red pink acidic dye which stains bases (esinophillic means red/pink)
What is another name for cell membrane
plasmalemma. This is semi-permable membrane (SPM)
What does amphoteric mean?
Able to reaction with both acids and bases.
What does Amphipathic mean?
Something that has both hydrophobic and hyrdophillic parts.
Describe the hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane
Contains + charged N Groups and Charged phosphate groups.
Describe the hydropobic portion of the cell membrane
This portion contains two long FA’s chains. These are covalently linked to glycerol.
Tri-laminar appearance of Cell membrane on EM
2 electron dense layers (phopholipid heads)
1 electron lucent layer of the FA tails
Describe changes in the fluidity of the cell membrane
Fluidity increases when the temperature increases and also increases with the decrease in the saturation of FA’s.
How does cholesterol function in the cell membrane
It decreases fluidity and stiffens the membrane.
What is the ratio of cholesterol to phopholipds
about 1:1
Synonyms for surface proteins
Peripheral, and extrinsic
What is an intrinsic protein?
is within the cell membrane also know as integral protein
Synonym for transmembrane protein?
transmural
Cell membrane channels
Allow the passage of water-soluble molecules via diffusion
What is a transducer in the cell membrane?
It initiates enzymatic rxns following the binding of ligand molecules
Enzymes
component of ion pumps and digestive action
What is a gyloccalyx ?
What are the two types?
What are their functions?
- cell membrane proteins or lipids conjugate with short polysac. chains containing glucose molecules.
- form glycoproteins and glycolipids
- protects the surface of cell memebrane, cell recogn. and importance in exchange of material inside and out of cell.