Exam 1: Divisions of the Nervous System + More Flashcards
Central Nervous System
-Made up of the brain & spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
A portion of the nervous system that includes all the nerves and neurons outside the brain and spinal cord.
Somatic
A part of the peripheral nervous system that supplies neural connections mostly to the skeletal muscles and sensory systems of the body. It consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
Autonomic
A part of the peripheral nervous system that provides the main neural connections to the internal organs.
Sagittal Plane
The plane that divides the body or brain into right and left portions.
Sympathetic
The part of the autonomic nervous system that acts as the fight-or-flight system, generally preparing the body for action.
Afferent
Carrying action potentials toward the brain, or one region of interest from another region of interest.
Parasympathetic
The part of the autonomic nervous system that generally prepare the body to relax and recuperate
Efferent
Carrying action potentials away from the brain, or away from one region of interest toward another region of interest.
Coronal Plane
Also called the frontal plane or transverse plane. The plane that divides the body or brain into front and back parts.
Horizontal Plane
The plane that divides the body or brain into upper and lower parts.
Dorsal/Ventral
D: In anatomy, toward the back of the body or the top of the brain.
V: In anatomy, toward the belly or front of the body, or the bottom of the brain.
Rostral/Caudal
R: Also called anterior. In anatomy, toward the head end of an organism.
C: Also called posterior. In anatomy, toward the tail end of an organism.
Superior/Inferior
S: In anatomy, above.
I: In anatomy, below
Medial/Lateral
M: In anatomy, towards the middle.
L: In anatomy, towards one side.
Forebrain
The front division of the neural tube and brain, which in the mature vertebrate contains the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus.
Ipsilateral/Contralateral
Ip: In anatomy, pertaining to a location on the same side of the body.
Co: In anatomy, referring to a location on the opposite side of the body.
Midbrain
The middle division of the brain.
Hindbrain
The rear division of the brain, which in the mature vertebrate contains the cerebellum, pons, and medulla.
Telencephalon
The anterior part of the fetal forebrain, which will become the cerebral hemispheres in the adult brain.
Mesencephalon
Motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing.
Diencephalon
The posterior part of the fetal forebrain, which will become the thalamus and hypothalamus in the adult brain.
Myelencephalon
Part of the brain that develops into the medulla oblongata and is responsible for vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
