Exam 1: Cell Growth & Division Flashcards
How does the growth at the ceullular level work for replication and hypertrophy?
- DNA synthesis
- Protein, water, size increase
How does the cell know what to do?
Cell signaling
What is the purpose of replication?
Its purpose is to give each cell a complete copy of an Individual’s DNA (genome)
What are proteins produced for?
- Produced for daughter cells
- It is what fills the cell
What is a cell cycle?
- It is an ordered series of events that involves replication of DNA
- Culminates with cell division
- Results in two daughter cells
What is G0 ?
It means “Quiescent” or “dormant” meaning the cells remain viable but are not participating in replication
In what order does the cell cycle phase go in?
- Mitosis ->
- Cytokinesis ->
- G1 ->
- S->
- G2->
What components make up the interphase phase?
- G1=Gap 1
- S=Synthesis
- G2=Gap2
What phases make up mitosis?
M=Mitosis
What is the definition of Gap 1, Synthesis, Gap 2?
- Sensitive to cues from environment; grows in size
- Synthesis (or replication) of DNA
- Remodeling for cell division
What is the definiton of mitosis
- It is the seperation of duplicated chromosomes
- Physical division into 2 daughter cells.
What occurs when the regulation of the cell cycle does not function properly?
- Birth defect
- FGFE3 (stunted growth)
- Cancerous Tumor
What do cell cycle checkpoints consist of?
Surveillance mechanisms that monitor:
1. Order,
2. Integrity
3. Fidelity of the major events of the cell cycle
Proteins contribute when accumulated contribute to?
Size
What MAPK signaling?
Mitogen activated protein kinase
What measures DNA content, Rna content?
- Cell #’s (D)
- Capacity for protein synthesis (R)
What makes up Polysome profiles?
- mRNA molecules+ribosomes
- Translational activity
