exam 1 case studies

Question 1

what are the causes of most acute pruritic rashes (< 6 wks)

Answer 1

dermatologic cause

Question 2

most common acute pruritic rashes seen

Answer 2

xerosis, atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, fungal infections, and infestations such as scabies

Question 3

how can tinea be spread

Answer 3

skin contact, contact with contaminated items, contact with infected animals

Question 4

tinea

Answer 4

fungal infection, usuall limited to hair, nails, or stratum corneum of skin that may or may not cause inflammatory skin reaction

Question 5

tinea lesions look like what

Answer 5

annular erythematous scaly pruritic plaques with central clearing and an active bordered

found anywhere on body

usually superficial and involve the dermis or hair follicles, can be singular or multiple, and can range in size from 1-5 cm but larger lesions and confluence can occur.

Scales, crust, papules, vesicles, or bullae may develop along the advancing border

Question 6

tinea versicolor

Answer 6

common, non contagious superficial fungal infection that is overgrowth of yeast

Question 7

predisposing factors for tinea infections

Answer 7

e heat and humidity, hyperhidrosis, and immunosuppression due to corticosteroids, pregnancy, poor nutrition, diabetes, or other disorders

Question 8

differential dx for tineas

Answer 8

pityraiasis rosea
pityriasis versicolor
contact dermatitis

Question 9

eosinophilia is a clue of what

Answer 9

points to possible parasitic infection or hypersensitivity reaction

Question 10

solar lentigines

Answer 10

harmless patch of darkened skin

Question 11

how should pt problem list be prioritized

Answer 11

begin with acute presenting problem, followed by chronic active problem, end with inactive problems

Question 12

differential dx of skin lesions

Answer 12

benign nevus
BCC
SCC
MM
petechiae

Question 13

how would you frame differential dx for skin lesions

Answer 13

distribution of lesions
color
size

Question 14

how would you frame differential dx for diarrhea

Answer 14

acute < 14 days
persistent > 14 days
chronic > 30 days

Question 15

age spots can often be what

Answer 15

actinic keratosis -epidermal keratinocytes that have been come neoplastic under UV radiation exposure

Question 16

actinic keratosis can easily be mistaken for what

Answer 16

SCC

they are precancerous

Question 17

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 17

usually appear firm, smoth, hyperkeratoic papules or plaques that can have central ulcerations and even appear verrucous

Question 18

basal cell carcinoma classic description

Answer 18

pink pearly papule

Question 19

differential dx for melanoma

Answer 19

melanocytic nevus
atypical melanocytic nevus
blue nevus
lentigo
spitz nevus
pigmented BCC
pigmented AK
seborrheic keratosis
pyogenic granuloma
dermatofibroma
keratoacanthoma