Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SLHS 3400 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

the study of structure of organisms and the relations of their parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

physiology

A

the study of living organisms or their parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

prone

A

lying face down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

supine

A

lying face up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ventral

A

away from back bone or towards front of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

anterior

A

away from the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

posterior

A

towards the back or away from the front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

superficial

A

towards the surface (external)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

deep

A

away from the surface (internal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

superior

A

upper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

inferior

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cranial

A

toward the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

caudal

A

toward the tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

external

A

toward the outer surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

internal

A

toward the inner surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

medial

A

toward the axis or midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lateral

A

away from the axis or midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

proximal

A

toward the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

distal

A

away from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

central

A

situated at the center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

peripheral

A

toward the outward surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

coronal plane

A

anterior/posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sagittal plane

A

left and right planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

transverse plane

A

superior and inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

cell

A

fundamental unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

tissue

A

group of cells and surrounding materials working together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

organ

A

2 tissues forming a somewhat independent structure with a specific function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

system

A

2 or more organs combined to accomplish a function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

4 basic tissue types

A

epithelium, connective, muscular, and neural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

epithelium tissue functions

A

protection, absorption, and secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

types of epithelium tissue

A

epithelial, endothelial, and mesothelial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

epithelial

A

outer covering of external body surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

endothelial

A

lining of blood & lymph vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

mesothelial

A

outer covering of internal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

connective tissue functions

A

connects structures together, support body, and aid in bodily maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

connective tissue 6 types

A

loose, dense, lymphoid, cartilage, bone, and blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

loose connective tissues (2)

A

areolar & adipose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

areolar (loose connective tissue)

A

very loose tissue, cells in irregular networks of fibers, and found just beneath the skin

39
Q

adipose (loose connective tissue)

A

high concentration of fat cells, otherwise similar to areolar

40
Q

strong and strech-resistant, yet flexible. white

A

collagen

41
Q

strong yet elastic, stretching up to 150% of relaxed length. yellow

A

elastic fibers

42
Q

collagen + glycoprotein. thin fibers. form networks with extensive branching. provide strength, support, and form to many soft organs

A

reticular fibers

43
Q

types of dense connective tissues

A

tendons
ligaments
fascia
reticular
aponeuroses

44
Q

tough, non-elastic cords that connect muscle to bone or cartilage

A

tendons

45
Q

an elastic band of tissue that connects bone to bone, bone to cartilage, and cartilage to cartilage

A

ligaments

46
Q

membranous sheets that organize muscle fibers into functional units

A

fascia

47
Q

a delicate matrix of cells which have processes that extend in all directions to join to the processes of neighboring cells

A

reticular

48
Q

a tendinous sheet that covers muscle and can connect muscles to the structures they move

A

aponeurosis

49
Q

what are the 3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline, fibrous, and elastic

50
Q

hyaline

A

most rigid cartilage and covers articular surfaces of joints, providing a smooth surface for movement

51
Q

fibrous

A

most collagen cartilage and support and fusion

52
Q

elastic

A

a lot of elastin cartilage (yellow) and support and shape

53
Q

a rigid matrix
composed of bone cells, collagen fibers, and ground substance

A

bone

54
Q

what makes bone strong

A

collagen

55
Q

what makes bone hard

A

calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate

56
Q

what are the 2 types of bone

A

dense/compact and spongy/porous

57
Q

what type of cartilage offers support and shape to a structure although it is highly flexible and made primarily of elastic fibers

A

elastic cartilage

58
Q

3 types of muscular tissue

A

striated, smooth, and cardiac

59
Q

striated muscle

A

long fibers, light/dark bands microscopically, voluntary, and skeletal

60
Q

smooth muscle

A

no striations, found in the organs (visceral), involuntary (autonomic nervous system)

61
Q

cardiac muscle

A

only in the heart and involuntary (innervated by the autonomic nervous system)

62
Q

3 types of muscle architecture

A

parallel, radiating, and pennate

63
Q

parallel

A

muscle fibers run parallel to the long axis of the muscle

64
Q

radiating

A

fan shaped with bundles of muscle fibers diverging or converging as they approach their attachments

65
Q

pennate

A

groups of muscle fibers converge onto a tendon. if there are multiple sections, they are called bipennate, multipennate, or circumpennate

66
Q

muscle action class 1 levers

A

applied force on one end and a resistance force at the end. Fulcrum is at some distance between the 2 ends

67
Q

muscle action class 2 levers

A

lever arm with the Fulcrum at one extreme end and an applied force at the other end. the resistance force is somewhere in between.

68
Q

muscle action class 3 levers

A

fulcrum at one end of the lever arm and the resistive force at the other end. the applied force is somewhere between the two ends

69
Q

what is the plasmalemma in a muscle cell called

A

sarcolemma

70
Q

what is the cytoplasm in a muscle cell called

A

sarcoplasm

71
Q

what is the er in a muscle cell called

A

the sarcoplasmic reticulum

72
Q

what is the function of satellite cells in muscle cells

A

they are involved in muscle growth and repair

73
Q

list the heirarchical structure of a muscle starting with the muscle itself

A

muscle, muscle fibers, myofibrils, sarcomeres, actin & myosin

74
Q

what happens during calcium uptake after a muscle contraction?

A

calcium is reabsorbed into the sarcoplastic recticulum which requires atp

75
Q

what is the sarcomere

A

the functional unit of a muscle fiber, consisting of actin and myosin filaments organized for contraction

76
Q

what are the basic functions of myosin

A

myosin binds to actin and has atpase activity for energy use, and is responsible for muscle contraction

77
Q

what role does actin play in muscle contraction

A

actin binds with myosin and apt helps release it

78
Q

what is the cross-bridge cycle

A

the cycle of myosin binding to actin, pulling, and releasing. which drives muscle contraction.

79
Q

what are type 1 muscle fibers

A

slow-twitch fibers; used for endurance, high fatigue resistance, and rely on aerobic energy

80
Q

what are type 2a muscle fibers

A

fast-twitch fibers; used for moderate endurance and strength, relies on aerobic and anaerobic energy

81
Q

what are type 2x muscle fibers

A

fast-twitch fibers; used for explosive power, low endurance, and rely on anaerobic energy

82
Q

olfactory

A

sensory and smell

83
Q

optic

A

sensory and sight

84
Q

oculomotor

A

motor and moving eye up and down and towards the nose

85
Q

trochlear

A

motor and moves eye up and down and side to side

86
Q

trigeminal

A

sensory and motor
sensation in the face and movement of the jaw (chewing)

87
Q

abducens

A

motor
abducens the eyeball and turns it away from the nose

88
Q

facial

A

sensory and motor
facial expressions and controls salivary glands and taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue

89
Q

vestibular cochlear

A

sensory
hearing and balance

90
Q

glossopharyngeal

A

sensory and motor
initiates swallowing and in charge of posterior 1/3 of tongue

91
Q

vagus

A

sensory and motor
heartbeat

92
Q

accessory

A

motor
helps with head rotation and shoulder elevation

93
Q

hypoglossal

A

motor
moves tongue

SLHS 3400 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions