Exam 1

Question 1

Jimmy study reveals that students who sleep 8 hours perform well in class. So jimmy says you sleep 8 hours then you must do well in class. What type of reasoning?

Answer 1

Deductive reasoning

Question 2

A student designs the following experiment: He wants to test how effective 3 versions of a new sleeping pill is on patients which have insomnia. He creates 5 groups of patients all presenting with similar levels of insomnia. Group #1 receives a pill without any medicine in it (a placebo), Group #2, 3 and 4 each receive the the pill, and Group #5 receives a pill that is known to treat insomnia well. He will measure the effectiveness of the pill by how much sleep each patient is able to get.

Which group is the positive control of this experiment ?

Answer 2

Group # 5

Question 3

A student designs the following experiment: He wants to test how effective 3 versions of a new sleeping pill is on patients which have insomnia. He creates 5 groups of patients all presenting with similar levels of insomnia. Group #1 receives a pill without any medicine in it (a placebo), Group #2, 3 and 4 each receive the the pill, and Group #5 receives a pill that is known to treat insomnia well. He will measure the effectiveness of the pill by how much sleep each patient is able to get.

Which group is NOT a control?

Answer 3

Groups # 2 and # 3 and 4

Question 4

If I were to graph the data of hours slept vs taking insomnia medicine, the number of hours each patient sleeps is the _____ variable and the taking the medicine is the ______ variable.

Answer 4

Dependent variable, independent variable

Question 5

Which of the following gives the weakest indication of life ?
a. The presence of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur
b. An observable organism seen to react to stimuli but lacks
the ability to self reproduce
c. Unknown object that seems to grow over time
d. An observable organism with the ability to metabolize and self reproduce

Answer 5

The presence of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur

Question 6

Hypothesis

Answer 6

Possible explanation for an observation

Question 7

Theory

Answer 7

A hypothesis that has been tested many time and has never been disproven

Question 8

Observation

Answer 8

Knowledge or info obtained about the world via senses or scientific instruments

Question 9

Natural

Answer 9

Occurring in nature

Question 10

True or False. Inductive reasoning is taking a specific instance and applying it as a general principle.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The one factor that a scientist manipulates during an experiment..

Answer 11

independent variable

Question 12

Ben makes five paper helicopters with different wing lengths. He drops them the same way from a height of two meters for five trials each. He records the amount of time it takes for each helicopter to fall to the ground. What is the dependent variable?

Answer 12

amount of time it takes the helicopter to hit the floor

Question 13

When graphing data in a bar graph (a.k.a. column graph), the independent variable is presented on the ________ and the dependent variable is presented on the___?

Answer 13

x axis, Y axis

Question 14

Smallest basic unit of matter is the

Answer 14

Atom

Question 15

formed when an atom gains or loses electrons?

Answer 15

Ion

Question 16

Covalent bonds

Answer 16

Atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons when they make covalent bonds

Question 17

Which of the following solutions has the highest H ion concentration?
A. a solution with a pH of 1
B. a solution with a pH of 4
C. a solution with a pH of 7
D. a solution with a pH of 10

Answer 17

a solution with a pH of 1

Question 18

Chemical reactions

Answer 18

Substances are changed into different substance when bonds break

Question 19

Nucleus of an atom contains

Answer 19

Protons and neutrons

Question 20

Fundamental differences between covalent and ionic bonding?

Answer 20

In covalent bond, the partners share a pair of electrons, in an ionic bond one parter captures an electron from the other

Question 21

Water molecules stick to other water molecules bc?

Answer 21

Hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of other water molecules

Question 22

Solution with a ph of 4 is

Answer 22

Weakly acidic

Question 23

Covalent bonding

Answer 23

Form when pairs of valence electrons are shared between 2 atoms

Question 24

Ionic bonding

Answer 24

The attraction between 2 oppositely charged ions

Question 25

Polar covalent bonds

Answer 25

Atoms are shared unequally in a covalent bond - atoms with different electronegativities shares electrons

Question 26

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 26

Weak bond between slightly positive and slightly negative atom.

Question 27

What are not found in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 27

Electrons

Question 28

Ion

Answer 28

When proton number and electron number are unequal