Exam 1 Flashcards
What is science?
The study of the natural world.
List the steps of scientific method in order.
- Observe and generalize
- Make a hypothesis
- Make a testable prediction
- Experiment
- Revise hypothesis and repeat
What is the variable that you set in an experiment?
Independent variable.
Why are replicates important?
Because if you only experiment once, you don’t that it is a fact, it may just be a fluke or there were mistakes in your experiment.
You can use scientific method to determine which brand of batteries is the best.
True.
What is biological literacy?
- Using the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues
- Communicate those thoughts to others
- Integrate them into your decision-making.
Name 4 of the characteristics of life?
- Made of cells
- Different chemical structure
- Utilize energy
- Reproduction and growth
What is biology?
The study of living things.
Which is the strongest type of bond?
Covalent.
How do bonds relate to energy?
Bonds store energy. When they are broken, they release energy.
Which type of energy is stored energy?
Potential energy.
Why is water so important for life, give at least 2 properties and explain its affect on life?
- It is more dense in solid form than liquid form - important so that fish don’t die every time there is a freeze (because ice floats instead of sinking)
- Has a high heat of vaporization - you cool off when you sweat and the water evaporates
- Is a good solvent - useful in many areas
What is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic?
Hydrophobic molecules are afraid of water and congregate so they have less contact with it.
Hydrophilic molecules are molecules that are water loving.
What is a hydrogen doner?
Acid.
What does the pH scale measure?
Hydrogen ions.
Which has more resolution?
Electron microscope.
What is the main difference between prokaryote and eukaryote cells?
Eukaryotes have nucleus and organelles, while prokaryotes do not.
Name 2 differences between plant and animal cells?
- Plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells don’t
- Plant cells have chloroplasts and animals don’t
- Animal cells have centrosomes and plant cells don’t.
Name 4 eukaryotic cell structures (parts of the cell) and give a function for each.
- Nucleus - information center
- Mitochondria - power house of the cell
- Golgi bodies - packing and shipping center
- ER - manufacturing
Which type of cell junction is designed to create a water proof junction?
Tight junction.
Compare the 3 types of transport into the cell.
1.Passive transport
2. Active transport
3. Bulk transport
Passive transport doesn’t require energy, while active transport and bulk transport do. Passive transport moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration, while active transport moves them from low concentration to high concentration. Bulk transport uses membranes.
Describe the structure of membrane, what are its components and the model that is used to describe the structure?
1.The membrane is made out of phospholipids with the hydrophilic heads on the outside and the hydrophobic tails on the inside.
2. Proteins float amidst the phospholipids
3. The fluid mosaic model describes it
If a cell was placed in a hypertonic solution what will happen to the cell?
Shrink.
Diffusion states that molecules will move from _____ concentration to _______ concentration.
High, low.
What types of transporter is highly specific changes conformation during transportation of molecules.
Facilitate transport.
What type of transporter moves 2 types of molecules in opposite directions?
Antiporter.
What are plant cell walls made of?
Cellulose.
