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I Oral Histology > EX3; Salivary Glands 2 > Flashcards

EX3; Salivary Glands 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three histological details of salivary glands

A

acinar cells
myoepithelial cells
ducts

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2
Q

What are the acinar cells joined by, surrounding what

A

tight junctions

central lumen

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3
Q

What is the space between the acinar cells called

A

inter-cellular space

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4
Q

What do the tight junctions and intercellular spaces allow what

A

the passage of water and small ions, but restrict the passage of large molecules

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5
Q

The end of the acinar cells that faces the lumen contains what

A

secretory granules

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6
Q

This surrounds the acinar cells

A

myoepithelial

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7
Q

The entire end piece of the acinus is surrounded by what

A

basal lamina

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8
Q

This a pyramidal shape acinar cells resting on a basal lamina with a round nucleus

A

serous cell

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9
Q

True or False

The serous acinar cells contains short, irregular, microvilli

A

True

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10
Q

What kind of characteristics do serous acinar cells exhibit

A

polarized, protein secreting cells

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11
Q

What does the serous acinar cells secrete

A

many enzymes and glycoproteins

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12
Q

What structures are found in a serous acinar cell

A

rough ER
golgi apparatus
secretory granules
lumen

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13
Q

This is a cubodial to columnar cells with an oval nuclei pressed toward the base and is arranged in tubules around a large central lumen

A

mucous cell

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14
Q

What does a mucous cell secrete

A

mucins

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15
Q

What type of staining does the secretory granules undergo

A

pale staining

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16
Q

The shapes of the end pieces of the mucous glands are what in shape

A

more tubular

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17
Q

Why is the cytoplasm of the mucous cells paler staining than that of the serous cells

A

the mucin is contained within the secretory granules

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18
Q

The lemon in the mucous secretory end pieces is more what

A

larger and more obvious

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19
Q

Due to the position of 3 mucous cells topped by 3 serous cells, what is this called; seen during EM scanning

A

serous demilune

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20
Q

When the specimen is prepared with rapid freezing, what is a noticeable difference in regards to the structure

A

the mucous and serous components appear side by side

also the mucous nuclei is not compressed

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21
Q

This surrounds the acini and intercalated discs, lies within the basal lamina, and has multiple processes (surrounding acini)

A

myoepithelial cell

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22
Q

The myoepithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that has what

A

has contractile properties

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23
Q

What is the function of the myoepithelial cell

A

its innervated and functions in expelling saliva into the ductal system

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24
Q

What are the three types of ducts associated with salivary glands

A

intercalated
striated (secretory)
excretory (collecting)

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25
This duct empties directly into the oral cavity
excretory
26
What is the flow of saliva through the ducts
intercalated then striated then excretory
27
What differs between the major and minor salivary gland duct system
minor duct arrangement different from major | minor glands have many excretory ducts associated
28
This is the smallest, short duct of which several acini drain into
intercalated duct
29
The cells that make up an intercalated duct look like what
cubodial in shape with a centrally placed nucleus
30
What does the intercalated duct do besides convey saliva
secretes a few antimicrobial proteins
31
This is a longer, more active duct which is the site of reabsorption of sodium and chloride
striated ducts
32
What is the function of started duct absorption
to ensure the saliva reaching the mouth is hypotonic
33
Because reabsorption in the started duct is against the concentration gradient, what must occur
energy is required for which ATP is critical
34
What is the important molecule that started ducts secrete
bicarbonate
35
What is the shape of a started duct cell
``` columnar short microvili numerous infoldings of basolateral membranes; striations prominent mitochondria highly polarized ```
36
Once the started duct cells absorb the sodium and chloride, what happens to it
it gets taken up at the apical end thorough its basal aspect where they pass to capillaries adjacent to striations at the basal end of the cell
37
What is the purpose of excretory ducts
simply carrying the saliva to the oral cavity
38
What become of the shape of the excretory ducts as they get closer to the oral cavity
they become wider
39
What does the single epithelial layer of the excretory change into as it gets cloister to the oral epithelium
psudostratified epithelium; sometime stratified and keratinized
40
Where are excretory ducts often located
in connective tissue
41
What is the shape of the lumen in excretory ducts
irregularly shaped
42
What is the position of the nuclei in excretory ducts
irregularly positioned
43
What kind of cells intermingle/surround excretory ducts
fibroblasts | goblet cells
44
These glands are associated with the taste bud bearing foliate and circumvallate papillae of the posterior tongue
Von Ebner's glands
45
What is a age change that affects 30-60%
general loss of parenchyma
46
True or False | reduced salivary flow does not seem to correlate very strongly with the degree of loss of salivary tissue
True
47
What seems to be the main culprit of reduced salivary flow
prescription medications
48
This viral disease usually affects the parotid gland with painful swelling
mumps
49
This disease/condition is where stones, often in submandibular, obstruct secretion causing painful swelling
sialoliths
50
This disease/condition obstructs secretions from minor glands, causes painful swelling
mucous plugs or trauma
51
True or False | Many viruses replicated and shed into saliva
True; epstein-barr, herpes, etc.
52
The severity of hyposalivation symptoms depends upon what
the degree of salivary loss
53
This is the subjective feeling of dry mouth
xerostomia
54
What is considered a reduced flow rate
less than 0.1ml/min | 2/3 reduction from normal levels
55
What additional changes in the oral cavity can result from dry mouth
``` mucosal changes enamel erosion increased caries difficulty in chewing/swallowing changes in taste ```
56
What kind of medications reduce salivary flow
``` anticholinergic drugs diuretics antidepressants antihistamines antihypertensives ```
57
Besides medication, this has a severe effect on salivary flow
head and neck radiation
58
True or False | The reduced salivary flow due to head and neck radiation is both rapid (days) and long lasting
True
59
What is the initial effect on salivary flow due to head/neck radiation
reduced gland function
60
What is the later effect on salivary flow due to head/neck radiation
cell death, primarily of acinar cells
61
True or False | Newer radiation therapies offer no difference in reducing salivary flow
False; the newer therapies more specifically target tumor sites and can spare salivary function
62
What two new therapies are in development to restore salivary flow
stem cell therapies | genetic modification of remaining salivary tissues
63
What are the three ways to manage hyposalivation
frequent dental evaluations and prophylaxis due to prevalence of complications artificial saliva salivary stimulants
64
What is a problem with products meant to mimic saliva
must be used frequently | poor patient compliance

I Oral Histology (16 decks)

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