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I Oral Histology > EX3; Salivary Glands 1 > Flashcards

EX3; Salivary Glands 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Reduced salivation can cause what

A

increased incidence of caries

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2
Q

What two conditions have particularly potent hypo salivation effects

A

head and neck radiotherapy Sjogren’s syndrome

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3
Q

This is the injection of an isotope of Technetium, which binds to Na-K-Cl membrane transport system of acinar cells of salivary and other glands; used in the case study of the boy with no saliva

A

salivary gland scintigraphy

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4
Q

True or False genetic abnormalities of major salivary glands are fairly common

A

False; they are rare

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5
Q

True or False genetic abnormalities of major salivary glands may involve a single or multiple glands

A

True

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6
Q

What may salivary gland agenesis be accompanied by

A

other developmental disorders of the ectoderm or 1st branchial arch abnormalities of the hair, nails, missing teeth, or deafness

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7
Q

What is the severity of of salivary gland genesis dependent upon

A

the number of glands affected type of abnormality; total lack of gland vs hypofunction

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8
Q

What is important to do regarding salivary gland agenesis

A

early diagnosis and immediate measures to prevent caries

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9
Q

These are highly glycosylated glycoproteins that are viscous and responsible for lubricating the mucosal surface and providing a protective barrier

A

mucins

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10
Q

What do mucins tranp and clear

A

bacteria and sugar

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11
Q

This is secreted in saliva and serves an important function in buffering acids in the mouth (neutralization of acids and pH maintenance)

A

bicarbonate

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12
Q

These are calcium-binding proteins present in saliva; allowing saliva to be super saturated and contribute to enamel maturation and remineralization

A

proline-rich proteins statherin

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13
Q

These molecules contribute to the direct antimicrobial function os saliva (anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, etc.)

A

lysozyme peroxidase defensins histatins IgA

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14
Q

Some evidence suggests that saliva secretes this to actively participate in tissue repair

A

growth factors epidermal growth factor nerve growth factor

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15
Q

This provides lubrication that is critical to chewing and swallowing

A

mucins

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16
Q

Saliva contains these two enzymes which being to break down starch and fats into free fatty acids and glycerol

A

amylase = starch lipase = fats

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17
Q

Taste molecules must first be dissolved in this so they can be transported to the taste buds

A

water

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18
Q

Salivary glands are considered which type of glands

A

exocrine

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19
Q

How do salivary glands discharge their secretion

A

via a duct to an epithelial surface

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20
Q

What are the three major salivary glands

A

parotid submandibular sublingual

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21
Q

What is the normal daytime salivary flow rate

A

0.3-04 ml/min

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22
Q

What is the normal daytime volume of saliva in the mouth

A

0.8-1.1ml; most of it is a thin film that covers the teeth

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23
Q

This major salivary gland secretes a mixed but mostly mucous secretion and 7-8% of the total volume

A

sublingual

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24
Q

This major salivary gland secretes a serous (watery) saliva with amylase and around 60% of the total volume

A

parotid

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25
This major salivary gland secretes a mixed but most serous saliva and 25% of the total volume
submandibuar
26
What are the minor salivary glands
Von Ebner glands labial palatal buccal lingual
27
What do the Von Ebner glands secrete (serous)
lingual lipases
28
What do the labial, palatal, buccla, and lingual glands secrete (mucous)
mucins
29
This salivary gland's anterior end wraps around the caudal end of the mylohyoid and the duct travels superficially to empty into the oral cavity at Wharton's duct
submandibular
30
This salivary gland is the largest and sits superficial to the caudal end of the masseter, and discharges saliva through Stenson's duct
parotid
31
This salivary gland is the smallest and empties into a series of ducts behind Wharton's duct called Bartholin and Rivinus ducts
sublingual
32
This serves as the supporting role of the salivary gland forming a capsule and organizing the gland into lobes
stroma
33
This serves as doing the characteristic work of the given gland; making saliva and discharging it to the final destination
parenchyma
34
The stroma is made up of what type of tissue
connective tissue
35
The parenchyma is make up of what type of tissue
epithelium
36
This divides the gland into lobes (large) and lobules (minor)
septa
37
This produces collagen in the stroma
fibroblasts
38
These supply the parenchyma in the stroma
blood vessels nerve fibers
39
This secretes antibodies in the stroma
plasma cells
40
This increases with age in the stroma
fat calls
41
During which embryonic week do the salivary glands begin development
6th
42
What is the order of gland development
parotid submandibular sublingual minor glands (2-3 months)
43
Where is the parenchyma of both the acini and ducts derived from
ectoderm (parotid) or endoderm
44
Where is the stroma derived from
neural crest
45
What are the two main components of the parenchyma
secretory portion called acini ducts
46
What are the acini composed of
individual acinar or secretary cells; they make saliva
47
What are the two main types of acinar cells
serous mucous
48
The acini open up into a series of what kind of ducts, which get progressively larger
intercalated started (secretory) excretory
49
The initiation of salivary gland development begins which what
the thickening of the ectoderm or endoderm forming a bud; signals exchanged between ectoderm/endoderm and mesenchyme
50
Once the salivary bud branches, what occurs
more branching then part of the branching hollows out in process known as cavitation
51
This molecule is important in cell adhesion, but disappears upon clefting/branching of the gland
e-cadherin
52
True or False The cell turns off its expression of e-cadherin, making way for branching to occur
False; it does not turn off the expression, it just re-directs it
53
This molecular is important for clefting to occur
BTBD7 (cleftin); siRNA's were used to inhibit it
54
Cleftin is induced by what ECM molecule
fibronectin
55
What two actions does cleftin do
suppresses the expression of e-cadherin upregulates expression of snail2
56
What is the current hypothesis involving snail2
promotes change in cell shape, coupled with the loss of e-cadherin
57
True or False The acini secrete saliva
True
58
True or False The ducts only secrete saliva
False; they also resorb certain components
59
This is the primary secretion or primary saliva
water proteins and ions like Na and Cl
60
True or False the primary secretion/saliva is isotonic
True
61
True or False acinar cells are not water permeable, which duct cells are water permeable
False; acinar cells are water permeable duct cells are not
62
What does the duct cells secrete
few proteins like bicarbonate
63
True or False The secondary secretion/saliva is isotonic
False; it is hyoptonic
64
Salivary secretion is under what control
neural control; parasympathetics and sympathetics
65
Which cranial nerves play a role in salivary gland innervation
7 - facial 9 - glossopharyngeal
66
The sympathetic supply to the salivary glands originates where
in the IML of the spinal cord then to the superior cervical ganglion
67
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for what kind of secretion
protein
68
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system along produces what
a protein-laden, viscous secretion that is not voluminous
69
The parasympathetic nervous system is mainly responsible for what kind of secretion
fluid secretion that account for most of the volume of saliva
70
In the salivary gland cells, this is maintained at high intracellular concentration with an energy-requiring ion pump
chloride

I Oral Histology (16 decks)

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