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I Oral Histology > EX2; Periodontium - PDL and Alveolar Bone > Flashcards

EX2; Periodontium - PDL and Alveolar Bone Flashcards

1
Q

This is a soft connective tissue between the cementum and the bony wall of the tooth socket

A

PDL

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2
Q

What are the major components of the PDL

A

its large highly organized bundles of collagen fibers that have their ends embedded in the cementum and bone

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3
Q

What is the critical function of the PDL

A

attachment of the tooth to the bone

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4
Q

What is the thickness of the PDL

A

.2-.4; very thin and thins with age

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5
Q

What are the cells of the PDL

A 
fibroblasts; most numerous
cementoblasts
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
Epithelial rests of Mallaez
immune cells
undifferentiated mesenchymal (stem) cells
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6
Q

These are large cells that secrete and degrade collagen, and are highly active (a measure of size)

A

fibroblasts

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7
Q

What type of cell-cell junctions do the fibroblasts contain

A

desmosomes
gap junctions; synchronize collagen secretion
cell-ECM junctions

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8
Q

This is one type of cell-ECM junction; fibronectin forms part of this junction

A

fibronexus

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9
Q

The cell-ECM junction is the functional link between what

A

occlusal forces and fibroblasts

allowing the fibroblast to react to those forces (including, secreting and degrading collagen, etc.)

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10
Q

The cell-ECM junction helps to maintain orientation of what

A

fibroblasts in PDL thus affecting orientation of collagen fiber bundles

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11
Q

The cell-ECM junction has links to what component

A

the actin skeleton and ultimately interacts with the collagen in the ECM

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12
Q

Where would you find the cementoblasts, osetoblasts, and osteoclasts in the PDL

A

near the tissue they are involved with
cementoblasts = cementum
osteoclast/blast = bone

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13
Q

What distinguished osteoclasts from the other adjacent cells

A

multiple nuclei

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14
Q

When would resorption of the cementum occur

A

in special situations like shedding of deciduous dentition or trauma
although small regions of cementum respiration is not unusual

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15
Q

These are remnants of HERS present in the PDL, lying closer to the cementum in clusters

A

Epithelial rests of Mallasez

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16
Q

What is the function of the Epithelial rests of Mallasez

A

unknown function; but an proliferate and form cysts

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17
Q

These cells lie close to the blood vessels and give rise to new cells, and contribute to maintaining the viability of the periodontium

A

undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (stem)

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18
Q

What are the fibers of the ECM of the PDL

A

collagen types I (80) and III (20) (also XII)

oxytalin

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19
Q

What are the ground substances of the ECM of the PDL; important in withstanding compressive loads

A

PGs and assocaited GAGs (water retention)

glycoproteins = fibronectin

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20
Q

Collagen forms what percentage of the PDL

A

47-52%

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21
Q

These are immature elastic fibers that tend to run at right angles to the collagen fiber bundles

A

oxytalin fibers

22
Q

These are the ends of the collagen fibers that are inserted into mineralized tissue

A

Sharpey’s fibers

23
Q

This is a spherical calcified mass in the PDL

A

cementicles

24
Q

These are the collagen fibers of the PDL that are organized into bundles that function to attach cementum to the adjacent alveolar bone

A

principal fiber groups

25
Q

What are the principal fiber groups

A 
alveolar crest
horizontal group
oblique group
apical group
interradicular
26
Q

This principal fiber group connects cementum to crest (top) of alveolar bone

A

alveolar crest

27
Q

This principal fiber group connects cementum to alveolar bone below the crest

A

horizontal group

28
Q

This principal fiber group is most numerous and connects cementum to alveolar bone; suspends tooth in socket

A

oblique group

29
Q

This principal fiber group connects the apex of the tooth to alveolar bone socket

A

apical group

30
Q

This principal fiber group is only in multi rooted teeth; between the cementum and interradicular septum of the alveolar bone

A

interradicular

31
Q

This is important for maintaining the integrity of the PDL and supporting the tooth

A

gingival ligament

32
Q

What are the groups of the gingival ligament

A 
transeptal
circular
dentogingiva
dentoperiosteal
alveologingival
33
Q

This group of the gingival ligament is from the cementum of the tooth over the alveolar crest into cementum on the adjacent tooth

A

transeptal

34
Q

This group of the gingival ligament circles the neck of tooth in lamina propria of free and attached gingiva

A

circular

35
Q

This group of the gingival ligament is most numerous, cervical cementum to lamina propria of free and attached gingiva

A

dentogingival

36
Q

This group of the gingival ligament is from cementum over alveolar crest and inserts into the other side of alveolar bone

A

dentinoperiosteal

37
Q

This group of the gingival ligament is from the alveolar crest to lamina propria of free and attached gingiva

A

alveologingival

38
Q

What routes does the vascularization take to supply the PDL

A

enters the alveolar bone and then pierce foramina in wall of boney socket (perforating arteries)
branch near apical foramen and directly enter PDL

39
Q

Which arteries does the blood supply to the PDL come from

A

superior and inferior alveolar arteries with contribution from gingival arteries

40
Q

True or False

The nerve fibers that innervate the PDL get there by taking the same route that the blood vessels do

A

True

41
Q

What fibers innervate the PDL

A

A delta
C
A beta

42
Q

What do the sensory nerve fibers that supple the PDL signal

A

proprioception in addition to pain, carried by A beta fibers

43
Q

What information does the PDL proprioceptors provide

A

the levels and direction of force applied to the teeth

44
Q

This nerve fiber is intimately intermingled with collagen fiber bundles, is highly sensitive, codes for the AMOUNT and DIRECTION of force, sends info to the CNS to regulate chewing, and proprioception

A

A beta

45
Q

In which direction(s) did the stimulus (from the cat experiment) respond the most

A

mesial force

distal direction = minimally

46
Q

This is the bone of the jaw that contains sockets or alveoli for teeth

A

alveolar process

47
Q

What is the apical dividing line between the alveolar process and the body of the maxilla or mandible apical to the root of the teeth

A

basal bone

48
Q

What does the alveolar process include

A

outer cortical plate
central region of “spongy” or “trabecular” bone
the bone lining the socket

49
Q

What are the three names of the bone lining the socket

A 
bundle bone (contains PDL)
cribiform plate (foramina)
lamina dura (radiographic appearance)
50
Q

From which tooth germ layer is the bone lining the socket derived from

A

dental follicle

I Oral Histology (16 decks)

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