EX 2; Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Question 1

Loss of blood causes immediate reductions in MAP, but compensatory responses in these two things quickly restore MAP

Answer 1

Cardaic output

TPR

Question 2

At the capillary level, reduced MAP does what

Answer 2

increases absorption and reduces filtration to help “protect” blood volume

Question 3

When looking at an hematocrit, what are the levels of the erythrocyrtes/plasma immediately after and 18 hours after a hemorrhage

Answer 3

immediately after; both erythrocyte and plasma decreased

18 hrs after; erythrocyte the same as immediately and plasma is above normal

Question 4

What are five causes of hypotension

Answer 4

hemorrhage
allergic response
emotional response
decreased cardiac output
fluid loss

Question 5

How does an allergic response initiate hyoptension

Answer 5

histamine release leads to vasodilation

Question 6

How does emotional stress lead to hypotension

Answer 6

increased PS and decreased S can lead to vasovagal syncope (pass out)

Question 7

What deficiency can cause a decreased cardiac output

Answer 7

myocardial infarction

Question 8

This is any situation in which a decrease in blood flow to the organs and tissues damaging them.

Answer 8

shock;
hypovolemic
low resistance
cardiogenic

Question 9

What equals the pressure at a given point

Answer 9

cardiac generate pressure plus pressure equal to the weight of the column of blood to the point measured

Question 10

By assisting the return of venous blood to the heart, this mechanism on veins opposes the buildup of excessive lymphatic fluid

Answer 10

skeletal muscle pump mechanism

Question 11

Dynamic adjustments in blood flow distribution during exercise result from changes in what

Answer 11

cardiac output and from changes in regional vasodilation and vasoconstriction
decrease in TPR

Question 12

This variety of drugs is used to treat hypertension

Answer 12

β blockers