EX 2; Blood and Hemostasis Flashcards
What are the totals of erythrocytes, leukocytes or platelets
erythrocytes; 5 million/cubic millimeter
leukocyte; 7000/cubic millimeter
platelets; 250000/cubic millimeter
What does the bi-concavity of the RBC do for the cell
high surface area-to-volume ratio for better diffusion of oxygen and CO2
What is the limiting factor in erthyropoiesis
iron
What is needed to protect from anemia
highly developed storage and recycling mechanisms of iron
This serves as a storage buffer for iron
ferritin
What is the lifespan of RBCs
~120 days
1% of all RBCs replaced daily
~250 million
This is the major breakdown product of hemoglobin
bilirubin
What happens to iron when it is released from destroyed RBCs
it is bound by transferrin and delivered to bone marrow
This is needed for thymine, if deficient, there is impaired cell division
folic acid
This is required for the action of folic acid, it requires an intrinsic factor and if there is no factor, then there is pernicious anemia
B12
How is erythropoeisis regulated
hormonally regulated
Decreased oxygen to the kidney causes what to occur
The secretion of erythropoeitin which activates receptors in bone marrow, leading to an increase in the rate of erythropoiesis
What are five causes of anemia
iron deficiency bone marrow failure due to toxic drugs or cancer blood loss inadequate secretion of erythropoietin excessive destruction of erythrocytes
What are three causes behind anemia
decrease the total number of erythrocytes
diminished concentration of hemoglobin
combination
This is a single amino acid genetic mutation in hemoglobin which distorts the RBC to form other shapes
Sickle cell anemia
