Evolution Of Populations

Question 1

Genotype?

Answer 1

the genetic makeup of an individual

Question 2

Niche?

Answer 2

what an individual does to obtain resources

Question 3

Founder Reflect?

Answer 3

a change in the allele frequency due to the migration of a small group of the population

Question 4

Crossing Over?

Answer 4

the exchange of DNA sequences between non sister chromatids during meiosis I

Question 5

Polygenic Trait?

Answer 5

a trait that controlled by two or more gene

Question 6

Genetic Equilibrium?

Answer 6

the situation in which allele frequencies do not change

Question 7

Geographic isolation?

Answer 7

two populations are separated by geographic barriers

Question 8

Gene shuffling?

Answer 8

a method of creating different genetic combinations during sexual reproduction

Question 9

Stabilizing Selection?

Answer 9

individuals at the centre of the curve have the highest fitness

Question 10

Independent Assortment?

Answer 10

random separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes during meiosis I

Question 11

Directional Selection?

Answer 11

individuals at one end of the spectrum have higher fitness than individuals at the middle or at the other end of the curve

Question 12

Genetic Drift?

Answer 12

random in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population

Question 13

Reproductive Isolation?

Answer 13

when members of two populations cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 14

Speciation?

Answer 14

the formation of a new and distant species in the course of evolution

Question 15

Phenotype?

Answer 15

the traits that are seen in a an organism

Question 16

Dominant Allele?

Answer 16

requiring only one allele for a trait to be expressed in a heterozygous individual

Question 17

Homozygote?

Answer 17

an individual having two identical alleles for a given trait

Question 18

Recessive allele?

Answer 18

requiring two of the same alleles in order for a trait to be expressed in a homozygous individual

Question 19

Ego logical competition?

Answer 19

different species competing for the same resources

Question 20

Relative Frequency?

Answer 20

the number of times that an allele appears in a gene pool

Question 21

Disruptive Selection?

Answer 21

individuals at the upper and lower ends of curve have the highest fitness

Question 22

Mutation?

Answer 22

any change in the genetic sequence

Question 23

Hardy-Wienberge Principle?

Answer 23

the theory that states that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless factors cause those frequencies to change

Question 24

Single Trait Gene?

Answer 24

a trait that is controlled by only one gene

Question 25

Behavioural isolation?

Answer 25

when two populations are capable of interbreeding but have different mating strategies or rituals

Question 26

Temporal isolation?

Answer 26

two or more species reproduce at different times

Question 27

Heterozygote?

Answer 27

an individual having two different alleles for a given trait

Question 28

Genepool?

Answer 28

all genes, including all of the different alleles, that are present in an population