Darwins Theory of Evolution Flashcards
Vestigial organ
structure still present but serves no purpose
similarities in Embryology
the study of early development of organisms
Homologous structures
same structure but different use. examples may include: arms in humans vs. wings in birds vs. flipper in seals.
Theory
a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world
Evolution
the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
Adaptation
any inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival
who said “Scarcity of resources”
Malthos
Numerous bird species that helped Darwin shape his theory of evolution
Finches
Descent of modification
species today look different from their ancestors
Galapagos
group of islands off the coast of Ecuador
Struggle of existence
members of each species complete regularly for resources
Common Descent
all living organisms are related to one another from a common ancestor
Survival of the fittest
individuals that are best suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully
Artificial selection
Humans select from the naturally occurring genetic variations in a species
Natural selection
Natures way of choosing only certain individuals of a population to produce new individuals
Origin of Species
book published by Darwin
who said “Earth is millions of years old”
Hutton
Fitness genes
The ability to survive and reproduce
Name of Darwins ship
HMS Beagle
the Fossil record
Preserved remains of ancient life can be found in different layers of rock during different times of Earth’s history. shows intermediate of evolution from modern species to extinct species.
who said “processes occurring now have shaped Earths’s geological features over long periods of time”
Lyell
who said “inheritance of acquired traits through selective use”
Lamark
adaptations can be?
Anatomical (psychological), structural, behavioural.
Anatomical (psychological)
a physical or chemical event inside the body of the organism.
structural
a physical feature seen on the outside (it is seen)
behavioural
a behaviour that the organism does to help it survive
geographic distribution of living things?
similar species found at different locations were adapted to the local environment, example: the finches were found on several islands caused them to be different from one another.
