Evolution Of Biodiversity

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

A group of organisms distinct from others and can successfully breed

Question 2

Ecosystem Diversity

Answer 2

Variety of Ecosystems

Question 3

Species of Diversity

Answer 3

Variety of species

Question 4

Genetic Diversity

Answer 4

Variety of genes

Question 5

How many species

Answer 5

2 million named
Estimates average around 10 million

Question 6

Species richness

Answer 6

The number of species in a given area

Question 7

Species evenness

Answer 7

Relative abundance of each species

Question 8

Declines of Human Disturbance HIPPCO

Answer 8

H- Habitat Destruction
I - Invasive species
P - Population
P - Pollution
C - Climate change
O - Over exploitation (Overfishing, Overhunting)

Question 9

NIMBY

Answer 9

N - Not
I - In
M - My
B - Backyard

Question 10

Phylogenies

Answer 10

Branching patterns of evolutionary relationships

Question 11

Evolution

Answer 11

Changes in genes over time within a population

Question 12

Microevolution

Answer 12

At the species level evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period.

Question 13

Macroevolution

Answer 13

Giving rise to new species over long periods of time.
major evolutionary change.

Question 14

Genes

Answer 14

Selections of DNA that code for proteins

Question 15

Genotype

Answer 15

Genetic makeup

Question 16

Phenotype

Answer 16

Physical characteristics

Question 17

Mutation

Answer 17

Random change

Question 18

Recombination

Answer 18

Meiosis and random fertilization

Question 19

Artificial Selection

Answer 19

Picking particular traits and breeding those individuals
Agriculture and Livestock

Question 20

Artificial Selection unintended consequences

Answer 20

Resistant weeds
Resistant antibiotics

Question 21

Natural Selection

Answer 21

Environment Determines what survives

Question 22

Darwin theory of evolution

Answer 22

1. Individuals produce an excess of offspring
2. Not all offspring can survive
3. Individuals differ in their traits
4. Organisms give birth to like organisms
5. Differences in traits are associated with differences in the ability to survive

Question 23

Fitness

Answer 23

Ability to survive and reproduce

Question 24

Adaptationes

Answer 24

Traits that improve an individuals fitness

Question 25

Evolution by random processes
Mutation

Answer 25

Increase frequency over time

Question 26

Genetic Drift

Answer 26

Change in the genetic composition of a population over time as a result of a random mating

Question 27

Bottleneck Effect

Answer 27

Drastic reduction in the size of a population resulting in a reduction of genetic diversity

Question 28

Founders effect

Answer 28

Change in population from a small number of colonizing individuals

Question 29

Speciation

Answer 29

Making a new species
Moving from micro evolution to macro evolution

Question 30

Georgraphic isolation

Answer 30

Separate due to a geographical barrier

Question 31

Allopatric Speciation

Answer 31

Geographic isolation forces two species to adapt differently. Eventually they cannot breed