Evolution Day-10

Question 1

When and what were the first single cells produced?

Answer 1

The first single cells produced were prokaryotes

3.5 billion years ago

Question 2

What are protocells?

Answer 2

Cells that spherical and made of lipids

Question 3

What is allolpolyploidy?

Answer 3

It is when two parents from different species create a new species offspring.

Question 4

What is primordial soup?

Answer 4

Primordial soups are inorganic substances, the edge forms organic polymers

Question 5

What is the order of events of cells to multicellular organisms?

Answer 5

1. Protocells
2. Prokaryotes
3. Oxygen revolution
4. Eukaryotic evolution
5. Multicellularity

Question 6

What is the oxygen revolution and when did it occur?

Answer 6

The oxygen revolution was that bacteria was using

CO₂ and H₂O to make glucose and O₂

Question 7

What is the eukaryote evolution?

Answer 7

Eukaryotes started forming 2.1 billion years ago

Question 8

What is multicellularity and when did it happen?

Answer 8

It is when the first multicellular organisms were formed

1.2 billion years ago

Question 9

What is the “genes first” hypothesis for life?

Answer 9

That RNA came before DNA and then later, DNA became the stable genetic template

1. RNA
2. DNA
3. Proteins

Question 10

What is the “metabolims-first” hypothesis for life?

Answer 10

Metabolic reaction were self-sustaining and substrates were made inot products

Question 11

When was the Earth formed?

Answer 11

4.5 billion years ago

Question 12

What was the Urey-Miller experiment?

Answer 12

They basically made something that mimicked the conditions of the Earth at that time to see if organic compounds could be made.

Question 13

What accurately identify what each of the parts on the Urey-Miller experiment symbolize.

The Ocean

The Atmosphere

The Rain

Lightning

Answer 13

1. The Ocean- The H₂O
2. The Atmosphere- The direction of circulation tube
3. The Rain- The cooling part
4. Lightning- The bulb that says spark (H₂O, CH₄, NH₃, H₂)

Question 14

What is stablilizing selection?

Answer 14

A type of adaptive evolution that favors the average phenotype. Natural selection that favors intermediate variants by acting against extreme phenotypes.

Question 15

What is directional selection?

Answer 15

A type of adaptive evolution that selects for one end of the spectrum, one extreme phenotype.

Question 16

What is disruptive/diversifying selection?

Answer 16

A type of adaptive evolution that favors either end of the spectrum, either extreme phenotype. Can be seen in sexual dimorphism.