Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Evolution > Flashcards

Evolution Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A scientific explanation that IS supported by evidence.

A

Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A tentative and testable statement that is CAPABLE of being supported or not supported.

A

Hypothesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What experiment supported the Primordial Soup Hypothesis?

A

The Miller-Urey Experiment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is produced by the Miller-Urey Experiment?

A

Simple organic molecules such as Amino Acids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the RNA World Hypothesis?

A

RNA, not DNA, was the world hypothesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A relationship in which one organism lives inside another organism and both benefit. (mutualism).

A

Endosymbiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment to survive and reproduce more successfully.

A

Natural Selection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Can individuals adapt? Explain.

A

No, it takes many generations for an adaptation to take place, and when it does it happens to the whole population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The theory that all living things descended from a common ancestor.

A

Common Descent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A record of organisms on earth that have been preserved in rock.

A

Fossil Record.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The study of distribution of species in a geographical area over time.

A

Biogeography.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

All living things have the same type of molecules that are necessary for life; DNA, RNA, and proteins (Amino Acids)

A

Molecular Homology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Some living things have anatomical similarities such as similar bone or muscle structure.

A

Anatomical Homology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a vestigial structure?

A

A structure an organism has but doesn’t need or use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Common structure, different function

A

Homologous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Common Function, different Structure

A

Analogous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Genetic Variation

A

Differences within a species

18
Q

When species produce more offspring than can actually survive.

A

Overproduction of offspring.

19
Q

The offspring that do survive must compete for limited resources.

A

Struggle for survival/adaptation.

20
Q

Even when organisms survive in terms of competition only some will reproduce and pass off their genes.

A

Differential survival and reproduction/Descent with modification.

21
Q

What are the four principles of natural selection?

A

a. ) Genetic Variation
b. ) Overproduction of offspring
c. )Struggle for survival/adaptation
d. )Differential survival and reproduction/descent with modification

22
Q

Blending into ones environment

A

Camouflage

23
Q

Copying another species

A

Mimicry

24
Q

a type of selection where the entire curve moves in one direction because phenotypes at one extreme are favored.

A

Directional selection

25
Q

A type of selection where genetic variation is decreased because the individuals in the middle of the curve are most fit.

A

Stabilizing selection

26
Q

A type of selection where the individuals at the ends of the curve are more fit than the individual in the middle.

A

Disruptive.

27
Q

what do gene pools include?

A

all of the alleles in a population

28
Q

In genetic terms when does evolution occur?

A

occurs when there is a change in the allele frequency.

29
Q

A change in allele frequency in a population due to the transfer of alleles from one population due to the transfer of alleles from one population to another.

A

Gene Flow

30
Q

A change in allele frequency in a population due to random sampling.

A

Genetic Drift.

31
Q

A state in which the allele frequency remains constant. evolution does not occur

A

Genetic equilibrium

32
Q

The process of forming a new species

A

Speciation.

33
Q

Species are isolated from each other because they have different behaviors, such as different mating rituals.

A

Behavioral isolation

34
Q

Species are isolated from each other because they mate at different times of the day or year.

A

Temporal isolation

35
Q

Species are isolated from each other geographically.

A

Geographic isolation

36
Q

Evolution toward similar characteristics in unrealted species

A

Convergent evolution

37
Q

similar related species, homologous structures, different environments.

A

Divergent evolution

38
Q

Coevolution

A

2 or more species evolve in responce to changes in each other.

39
Q

Evolutionary changes over a long period of time.

A

Gradualism

looks like a tree

40
Q

Evolutionary changes over suddenly in geographic time and are followed by long periods of little evolutionary change or STASIS.

A

Punctuated Equilibrium

41
Q

The evolutionary history of a species

A

Phylogeny

42
Q

How is a cladogram made?

A

Made by figuring out which derived characteristics are shared by which species.

Biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions