Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Benchmark > Flashcards

Benchmark Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Meiosis is a process that makes what kind of cells?

A

Sex cells AKA Gametes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do Sex cells come from?

A

Germ Cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sex Cells are also called..?

A

Gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many chromosomes do gametes have in the average human?

A

23 Chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Body cells are also called…?

A

Somatic Cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In humans somatic cells have __ Chromosomes.

A

46 chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does meiosis increase genetic Variation?

A

Crossing over and independent Assortment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Occurs during Prophase 1 and provides almost infinite combinations of genes on chromosomes.

A

Crossing Over.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Occurs in Metaphase 1 and provides over 8 billion comibinations of chromosomes.

A

Independent Assortment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Meiosis produces gametes. These gametes… Are Which of the following
A.) Haploid
B.) Diploid

A

A.) Haploid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Meiosis produces gametes. These gametes…Are which of the following.
A.) Have 23 chromosomes
B.) Have 46 chromosomes

A

A.) Have 23 Chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Meiosis produces gametes. These gametes…Are which of the following.
A.) Are genetically identical
B.) Different.

A

B.) Different.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is is the name of the new cell that is made from fertilization?

A

A zygote is made.

1 sperm (n)+1 egg (n) = Zygote (2n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why do you look like your parents?

A

Because of the traits you inherit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an allele?

A

A form of a gene that determines traits, represented by upper/lower case letters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Homologous chromosomes have the same____, but possible different _____.

A

Genes

Alleles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the difference between a homozygous and heterozygous genotype?

A

Homozygous means the genotypes are the same Ex: RR, rr

Heterozygous means the genotypes are different Ex: Rr

18
Q

is Purebred another word for…
A.) Homozygous
B.) Heterozygous

A

A.)Homozygous

19
Q

Hybrid is another word for…
A.) Homozygous
B.) Heterozygous

A

B.) Heterozygous

20
Q

The alleles that are inherited

A

Genotype.

21
Q

Physical trait, what the organism looks like.

A

Phenotype.

22
Q

Allele that is always expressed when it is present, represented by an upper case letter.

A

Dominant.

23
Q

Allele that is only expressed when 2 recessive alleles are present.

A

Recessive.

24
Q

Organisms only donate 1 cope of each gene in their gametes.

A

Law of segregation.

25
Q

In a cross of parents that are homozygous for different traits only the dominant phenotype will appear in the next generation.

A

Law of Dominance.

26
Q

During meiosis, chromosome pairs line up independently of each other, so different alleles are distributed to sex cells independently of one another.

A

Law of Independent assortment.

27
Q

Probabilities do not predict the _____ results, but they can predict the ______ number of occurrences.

A

Exact, Average.

28
Q

A family has 5 male children. What are the chances of the mother having a girl for her next child? Why?

A

50% no matter how many children she may have the probability will stay the same.

29
Q

If a gene comes in more than 2 forms it is an example of what?

A

Polygenic traits.

30
Q

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes in a karyotype are called ______, the 23rd pair are called ____ chromosomes.

A

Autosomes, sex.

31
Q

dna is different in every person except for who?

A

Identical twins.

32
Q

Involve the loss of part of a chromosome.

A

Deletion.

33
Q

Reverse the direction of parts of chromosomes.

A

Inversion.

34
Q

Produce extra copies of a chromosome.

A

Duplication.

35
Q

Occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.

A

Translocation.

36
Q

There are ____ chromosomes in each normal human gamete.

A

46

37
Q

what type of cells does nondisjunction affect?

A

Sex cells/gametes.

38
Q

Most sex linked traits are carried on the ___ chromosome.

A

X

39
Q

What sex chromosome is found in an egg cell in a female?

A

X

40
Q

What is recombinant DNA?

A

DNA that contains genes from more than one organism.

41
Q

Genetic engineering can alter the ___ of an organism.

A

DNA

Biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions