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Biology > Animal and Plant systems. > Flashcards

Animal and Plant systems. Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

List the levels of organization in animals from smallest to largest.

A

Cells, tissue, Organs, Organ systems, Organism.

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2
Q

What does the muscular system do?

A

Aids in movement and helps move substances through the body.

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3
Q

What does the skeletal system do?

A

Protects, supports, and moves the body.

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4
Q

What does the Nervous system do?

A

Transmits signals to different parts of the body.

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5
Q

What does the Endocrine system do?

A

Produces hormones.

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6
Q

What does the Respiratory system do?

A

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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7
Q

What does the circulatory system do?

A

Moves blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body.

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8
Q

What does the reproductive system do?

A

Produces gametes that combine during sexual reproduction to make offspring.

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9
Q

What does the digestive system do?

A

Breaks down food into usable energy for the body to use.

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10
Q

What does the Excretory system do?

A

Eliminates waste from the body.

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11
Q

What does the Immune system do?

A

Fights off infections and pathogens.

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12
Q

What does the integumentary system do?

A

Maintains homeostasis and form a protective covering.

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13
Q

Which systems are involved in nutrient absorption?

A

Digestive, circulatory, and excretory systems.

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14
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The contracting and relaxing of muscles.

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15
Q

How do villi and micro villi help with nutrient absorption?

A

They increase surface area.

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16
Q

Which system gets rid of liquid waste?

A

Excretory system.

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17
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The process of maintaining a stable internal environment.

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18
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

output in one causes increase in the other.

Ex: Blood Clotting, and child birth.

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19
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Output reduced the effect of a stimulus. (returning conditions back to the ideal range.)
Ex: Temperature, and Blood sugar.

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20
Q

What systems are involved in regulating body temperatures?

A

Nervous, Circulatory, Integumentary, and muscular.

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21
Q

What systems are involved in regulating blood glucose?

A

Nervous, Endocrine, Circulatory, and Digestive.

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22
Q

Which body system monitors the body?

A

Nervous system.

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23
Q

Which body system makes and sends hormones?

A

Endocrine system.

24
Q

Which system circulates material through the body?

A

Circulatory system.

25
Q

Which systems protect you from injury?

A

Integumentary, Nervous, Endocrine, Circulatory, and more.

26
Q

Give an example of the body protecting itself from injury. Include the systems involved.

A

Nervous system tells your body to react to the pain.
Muscular system moves your hand away from the thing causing you pain.
Integumentary protects your organs.

27
Q

Which systems prevent and fight infections?

A

Immune, integumentary, and circulatory systems.

28
Q

How does your body respond to every pathogen?

A

You get fevers, inflamation, and/or barriers.

29
Q

What happens to B and T cells after they are used to fight the infection?

A

They are stored as memory cells so that they can respond if the same pathogen tries to infect the organism again.

30
Q

What are the functions of the male reproductive system?

A

To produce sperm, and deliver sperm to the female reproductive system.

31
Q

What are the functions of the female reproductive system?

A

Produce egg cells, and provide a place for the zygote to develop.

32
Q

What is fertilization?

A

The meaning of a sperm cell and an egg.

33
Q

What systems are involved in reproduction?

A

Reproductive, Endocrine, Circulatory, and Muscular system.

34
Q

What is the function of leaves?

A

they carry out photosynthesis, and gas exchange.

35
Q

What is the stems function?

A

Transports water, minerals, hormones, and photosynthetic products throughout the earth.

36
Q

What is the Roots function?

A

Absorb water and minerals from soil.

37
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Absorbs sunlight.

38
Q

How do guard cells regulate the size of the stomata?

A

They make the stomata swell to open and shrivel to close.

39
Q

What does the xylem transport?

A

Water and minerals.

40
Q

What does the phloem transport?

A

Food and hormones.

41
Q

How do roots and shoots work together to absorb nutrients?

A

Roots absorb nutrients from the soil, and the stem (Shoot system) transports the nutrients to the rest of the plant.

42
Q

How do roots and shoot work together to maintain homeostasis?

A

By using transpiration.

43
Q

Define Tropism.

A

A plants responce to a stimulus.

44
Q

Define Phototropism.

A

A plants response to light.

45
Q

Define Geotropism.

A

A plants response to gravity.

46
Q

Define Thigmotropism.

A

A plants response to touch.

47
Q

Define Hydrotropism.

A

A plants response to water.

48
Q

What is auxin, and how does it affect the plant?

A

a plant hormone that Causes the plant to elongate towards light.

49
Q

How do plants reproduce asexually?

A

Vegetative Propagation.

50
Q

Which parts of the flower are male?

A

Anther, and filament.

51
Q

Which parts of the flower are female?

A

Stigma, style, and Ovary.

52
Q

What are the male and female gametes?

A

Male: Pollen
Female: Ovule

53
Q

What is pollination?

A

The transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma.

54
Q

What is fertilization?

A

The union of pollen to ovule to form a zygote.

55
Q

What is germination?

A

Process by which a plant grows from a seed.

Biology (7 decks)

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