evolution

Question 1

what is lamarks theory?

Answer 1

change in environment causes changes in the needs of organisms in that environment
- changes can be inherited by future generations

Question 2

how did charles lyell contribute to darwins theory of evolution?

Answer 2

dated ages of rocks using fossils embedded in stone

Question 3

how did thomas maltus contribute to darwins theory of evolution?

Answer 3

researched exp. population growth and overpopulation

Question 4

overproduction

Answer 4

production of more individuals than an environment can support. only a fraction survive

Question 5

competition

Answer 5

limited resources

Question 6

variation

Answer 6

Varying characteristics that are heritable.

Question 7

adaptation

Answer 7

Best fit traits more likely to leave more offspring.

Question 8

speciation

Answer 8

Unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce, Favorable characteristics change the population.

Question 9

geologic evolution

Answer 9

changes in the earth

Question 10

organic evolution

Answer 10

changes in organisms through darwins theory

Question 11

relative dating

Answer 11

determines age of fossil based on its position in the rock strata

Question 12

absolute dating

Answer 12

estimates through radioactive decay. Subatomic particles are released, changing the number of protons. (half life)

Question 13

what are fossils

Answer 13

Any trace or remains of an organism that has been preserved by natural processes.

Question 14

what is a mold

Answer 14

Hollow created by the organism

Question 15

what is a cast

Answer 15

Hardened minerals that fill the mold

Question 16

name 3 types of fossils

Answer 16

trace fossils, preserved fossils, molds and casts

Question 17

what are trace fossils? 3 examples?

Answer 17

evidence of activity
- footprints
- burrows
- coprolite

Question 18

what are preserved fossils? examples?

Answer 18

amber formed by hardening resin preserves insects and pollen.

fossil bones: hard material parts of animals
- bones
- shells

Question 19

what are 3 evidences of organic evolution

Answer 19

homology, embryology, biochemistry

Question 20

what are homologous structures

Answer 20

common origin, no common function

Question 21

what are analogous structures? examples?

Answer 21

similar function, dissimilar structure
- butterfly wings, bird wings

Question 22

what were the components of the atmosphere on the primitive earth?

Answer 22

ammonia, methane, hydrogen