adaptations and natural selection Flashcards
what is a gene pool
all the genes present in a population
how can evolution occur as a result of genetic drift?
random changes in Allele Frequencies because of chance events.
what is structural adaptation
Characteristics of body form
what is physiological adaptation?
Internal Characteristic Function (production)
what is behavioural adaptation?
Resulting behaviour of structucal & physiological adaptation.
what is adaptation? (not darwins theory)
Genetically controlled characteristic that
increases an organism’s fitness.
what is geographical isolation? (speciation)
When populations
are geographically isolated, meaning no possibility to exchange genes.
what is reproductive isolation?
barriers that prevent different species from reproducing (organs)
what is adaptive radiation?
when new species result from isolated populations evolving separately (common ancestry)
what is convergent evolution?
development of similar structures in unrelated organisms due to similar environment
what is co-evolution
Evolution of two organisms because they adapted to each other’s presence
what is directional selection?
individuals that display a more extreme form of a trait have greater fitness than individuals with the average form
what is disruptive selection?
individuals with either extreme variation of a trade have greater fitness than average forms
what is stabilizing selection?
individuals with an average form have the greatest fitness.
allopatric
Organisms of the same species are seperated by a geographical barrier that restricts gene flow.
