Everything Session 7 (Health Promotion) Flashcards
What is the definition for Health promotion?
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health. It moves beyond an individual behaviour to a wide range of social and environmental interventions
What is the purpose of Public Health England (PHE)?
To protect and improve the nations health, wellbeing and reduce health inequalities
What is the WHO definition of Health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is the problem with the WHO definition of health?
Rise of chronic illness has meant that people may never achieve health
What is the concept of health?
The ability to adapt and self manage in the face of social, physical and emotional challenge
What are the 5 approaches to health promotion?
-Medical
-Behavioural change (campaigns)
-Educational
-Empowerment (services)
-Social change (regulations e.g sugar tax)
Why is prevention of illness better than a cure?
-Stronger economy (more healthy workers)
-Reduces NHS pressure
-Healthier
-More independent lifestyles
What are the 5 features of The Ottawa Charter for Health promotion action?
-Building health public policy (having right policy in place)
-Creating a supporting environment
-Strengthening community actions
-Developing personal skills (access to information and education for health)
-Re-orientations health services
What are the 2 types of approaches to Health promotion?
-Universal (reduces risk across whole pop.)
-Targeted (aims to identify most at risk and tailor messages to them)
What are the 3 strategies for Health promotion?
-Policy, legislation and systems change
-Community development
-Health communication, information and education
What Policy, legislation and systems changes can be made for Health promotions?
-Social policy changes (Smoking ban in public places)
-Fiscal approaches (approaches to discourage health harming behaviours, taxation on cigarettes)
-Bans and restrictions (reducing availability of substances so making them illegal)
What are the negative effects of Obesity?
BMI > 30
Causes are range of co-morbidities
Economic costs about £27 Billion
What causes obesity and how is it distributed across the population?
Maintained Energy input > energy expenditure over years
It is not equally distributed among ethnicities
What procedures were put in place as part of The National Childhood Obesity Plan?
Mandatory calorie labelling on food
Ban price promotions of HFSS food and buy location (not near checkouts)
Sugar reduction (sugar tax)
Schools have to promote physical activity
What are the short term and long term components of weight loss?
Diet in the Short Term
Physical activity in the Long Term
What are the socioeconomic factors causing obesity?
Low income
Insecure work (employment)
Insufficient social activity
High living costs
Stressful environment where weight loss is less of a priority
Inability to afford healthier options
How should we approach weight loss?
Give brief advice
Be aware of weight stigma
Listen to what works for a patients, not one diet fits all
What are the 3 levels of prevention of illness?
-Primary prevention (prevent onset of illness)
-Secondary prevention (early diagnosis)
-Tertiary prevention (minimise effects of established diseases/prevent complications)
What is Patient activation?
The knowledge, skills and confidence an individual has in managing their own and health and healthcare
