Everyday memories and memory errors Flashcards

1
Q

what is the amygdala?

A

subcortical, involved in processing emotional aspects of experience

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2
Q

what is a cognitive hypothesis

A

explanation for the reminiscence bump - memories better for adolescence and early adulthood - encoding better during periods of rapid change followed by stability

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3
Q

what is a cognitive interview

A

when interviewing crime scene witnesses - letting them talk with no interruptions. recreating the scene

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4
Q

what is the constructive nature of memory

A

the idea that memories are constructed of what actually happened, plus additional factors - expectations, knowledge, life experiences

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5
Q

what is the cultural life script hypothesis

A

where events in a persons life are easier to recall when they fit the cultural life script for their culture

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6
Q

what is a cultural life script

A

common life events that occur in a particular culture

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7
Q

eyewitness testimony

A

what an eyewitness saw during a crime

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8
Q

flashbulb memory

A

memory for the situation when you heard about something particularly shocking eg 9/11. Claimed they are highly vivid and accurate (see constructive memories)

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9
Q

what is highly superior autobiographical memory?

A

when some people can remember personal experiences that occurred on any day or time

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10
Q

what is the illusory truth effect

A

where we feel positive about something being true because we have heard it before

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11
Q

what is the misinformation effect

A

misleading information presented after someone has witnessed an event that changes how they describe it later

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12
Q

what is misleading postevent information

A

the info that causes the misinformation effect

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13
Q

what are music enhanced autobiographical memories (meams)

A

autobiographical memories elicited after hearing music

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14
Q

what is the narrative rehearsal hypothesis

A

the idea that we remember shocking events (or big life events) better because we rehearse them - explanation for flashbulb memories

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15
Q

what is pragmatic inference

A

where someone infers something from reading or hearing something that is not explicitly stated

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16
Q

what is the reminiscence bump

A

that people over 40 have enhanced memory from events from adolescence and early adulthood compared to other periods

17
Q

what is repeated recall

A

where recall is tested immediately after an event and then retested

18
Q

what is a schema

A

knowledge about what is involved in a particular experience - eg a kitchen

19
Q

what is a script

A

actions that describe a particular activity eg going to class (= going to class script)

20
Q

what is a self-image hypothesis

A

where memory is enhanced for events that occur as self-image or life identity is being formed (explanation for reminiscence bump)

21
Q

what is a source misattribution

A

when the source of a memory is misidentified

22
Q

what is a source monitoring error

A

misidentifying the source of a memory

23
Q

source monitoring

A

eg when you remember you heard something from a particular person

24
Q

what is weapons focus

A

where eyewitnesses focus attention on a weapon causing poor memory for other things happening

25
what is youth bias
where the most notable things to occur in someones life are perceived to be when they are young