Evaluation of Sensory Functions Flashcards by Krista Abbygaile Nulud

Stimulated by receptors in the periphery of the body,
and the sensory information then travels to the brain
by way of the spinal cord

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respond to touch, pressure,
stretch, and vibration and are stimulated by
mechanical deformation.

Mechanoreceptors

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respond to cell injury or damage and
are stimulated by substances that the injured cells
release. (inner part of the body)

Chemoreceptors

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respond to the stimulation of

heating or cooling (temperature)

Thermoreceptors

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sense pain when stimulated

Nociceptors

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Area of skin supplied by one spinal dorsal root and its

spinal nerve.

Dermatomes

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T/F: Affected dermatome correlates with the level of the spinal cord lesion

TRUE

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T/F: The clinical significance of such regrouping is that sensory assessment along a dermatomal pattern is more appropriate in clients with PNS lesions, not CNS
lesions.

FALSE

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Clients with CNS lesions, such as CVA, are more likely

to be tested for ______

proprioception, stereognosis, and

temperature

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clients with PNS lesions are

more likely to be tested fo

pain, pressure threshold,

and two-point discrimination

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dysfunction of the PNS

Neuropathy

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What is the typical order of sensory impairment

associated with peripheral neuropathy?

Light touch
Cold or heat
Pain

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T/F: When testing for impairment, test for pain perception first and then heat, cold, and light touch.

FALSE (di ko alam bakit ganon sa quiz….)

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T/F: Sensory testing is done for both pediatric and adult population.

TRUE

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Intervention strategies for sensory loss:

Sensory reeducation, compensatory strategies and education to prevent injury, desensitization

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T/F: Demonstrate first the test stimulus in the affected area of the skin while the client observes.

FALSE - intact area first

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T/F: We must occlude the client’s vision during testing.

TRUE

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T/F: Test the uninvolved side first. Apply stimuli to volar and dorsal surfaces.

TRUE

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T/F: Apply stimuli at regular intervals

FALSE - Use trials in which no stimulus is given (alternate tusok/no tusok)

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T/F: We must give cues and avoid using flat affect.

FALSE

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Correctness, confidence of response and signs of discomfort may signal ___.

Hypersensitivity

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T/F: Reevaluation is needed.

TRUE

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Involves pain, temperature and touch; also called superficial sensation

cutaneous sensation

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When compared with the more proximal body parts,
the distal parts have a lower density of receptors
and larger receptive fields.

FALSE - higher density of receptors, smaller receptive fields

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indicators of possible sensory problems

Blisters, altered, sweat patterns, calluses, shiny or | dry skin, blanching of skin, scars, and wounds

In people with sensory problems, healing is slowed because of ___ and ____.

Decreased nutrition and vascularity

T/F: Lack of sweating is not correlated with lack of discriminative sensation

FALSE

Nerve damage results in ___ of soft tissue, which | increases the tissue͛s susceptibility to injury.

atrophy

What nerve innervates the little finger (front and back)?

Ulnar nerve

What nerve innervates the palm until fingers?

Median nerve

What nerve innervates the thumb?

Radial nerve

T/F: The experience of pain is objective and | multidimensional

FALSE - subjective

T/F: The pinprick test can be used to rule out a digital | nerve laceration

TRUE

Intact pain sensation is indicative of ____

protective sensation

T/F: When testing pain sensation, alternate randomly between the sharp and dull sides of the safety pin and ensure that each spot has one sharp and one dull application.

TRUE

T/F: Temperature awareness is not a test for protective sensation

FALSE

______ is a test for receptor density and is a good test to use for mapping

Two point discrimination

T/F: Static two-point discrimination returns before moving two-point discrimination and is an indicator of recovery that is typically noticed before moving twopoint discrimination improves.

FALSE - Moving comes first

Devices for testing static two point discrimination

Disk-Criminator or Boley Gauge | with blunt testing ends

In testing static two point discrimination, begin with a distance of __ mm between the testing points

5 mm

T/F: Randomly test one or two points on the radial and | ulnar aspects of each finger for 10 applications

TRUE

T/F: In testing static two point discrimination, he client should respond with one, two, or i dont know following application.

TRUE

T/F: The client responds accurately to _ of 10 applications at that number of millimeters of distance between the two points.

___ mm - normal static two-point discrimination ___ mm - fair static two-point discrimination ___ - poor static two-point discrimination

1-5, 6-10, 11-15

In testing moving two point discrimination, begin with of __ mm between points

8 mm

T/F: In testing moving two point discrimination, randomly select one or two points and move distal to proximal phalanx parallel to the longitudinal axis of the finger so that the adjacent digital nerve is not stimulated

FALSE - proximal to distal

___ mm for ages 4-60 indicates normal moving two-point ___ mm for ages 60 and older indicates normal moving two-point discrimination.

2-4, 4-6

T/F: Pressure is perceived by receptors in the superficial skin and is important for fine discriminatory hand use, whereas light touch is perceived by receptors in the subcutaneous and deep tissues and is a form of protective sensation.

FALSE

What size of monofilament should be used for light touch?

1.65 (smallest)

indicates normal light touch

Green (1.65 to 2.83)

indicates diminished light | touch

Blue (3,22 to 3.61)

indicates diminished | protective sensation

Purple (3.84 to 4.31)

indicates loss of protective | sensation

Red (4.56 to 6.65)

indicates an inability to feel the | largest monofilament

Untestable

awareness of joint position in space

proprioception

T/F: It is through cerebral integration of information about touch and proprioception that objects can be identified by tactile cues and pressure.

True

the awareness of what is moving even though | the eyes are closed

kinesthesia

It is the use of both proprioceptive information and touch information to identify an item with the vision occluded

stereognosis

a good test for stereognosis for clients with injuries | involving the median and/or ulnar nerves.

Dellon Modification of the Moberg Pickup Test

ability to localize touch | sensation on the skin

topognosis

ability to recognize different weights

barognosis

ability to recognize letters, | number͕ or designs written on the skin

graphestesia

T/F: Recognition of texture is not included in barognosis

FALSE

A _____ measures all areas of your eyesight, including your side, or peripheral vision

perimetry test (visual field test)

Loss of peripheral vision is often an early sign of ____

glaucoma

_____ refers to your ability to discern the shapes and | details of the things you see

Visual acuity

Test for visual acuity

Snellen test

T/F: Px with either stroke or brain injury, perception of fine touch and proprioception are most affected, temperature sensation is affected less, and pain sensibility is affected least

TRUE

T/F Patterns of sensory loss following head trauma are more predictable because of the more diffuse areas of brain damage associated with this condition.

FALSE

T/F: loss of proprioception and pain perception were more common following left stroke than right stroke

FALSE

T/F: Assess more thoroughly those areas most likely to be affected, usually the side ipsilateral to the injury

FALSE

tingling or pins and needles sensation

Paresthesia

T/F: greatest recovery occurs in the first 3-6 months

TRUE

The gold standard for neurological | classification of spinal cord injury

American | Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale

Apply stimuli to key sensory points within each | dermatome when assessing neurological level in a _____ direction

rostral to caudal direction

regrowth of pain fibers averages 0.78 mm per day, and regrowth of touch fibers averages 1.08 mm per day

FALSE (baliktad)

T/F: Moving touch recovers before light touch. Accurate touch localization recovers last

TRUE

T/F: Chronic conditions associated with peripheral | neuropathy, full recovery of sensation is generally expected

FALSE

T/F: When examining diabetic neuropathy, it has been found that vibration threshold testing is more accurate than tactile direction discrimination

FALSE (baliktad)

T/F: Sensory loss can be found in persons with burn | injuries at a rate of about 20%

FALSE - 10%