ETIABO: Respiration- Oxidative Phosphorylation Flashcards
synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation is associated with the transfer of electrons down the electron transfer chain and passage of protons across inner mitochondrial membranes and is catalysed by ATP synthase embedded in these membranes (chemiosomotic theory) other respiratory substrates include the breakdown products of lipids and amino acids, which enter the Krebs cycle
Where does OP occur?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
The inner mitochondrial membrane sits inbetween the _____ ______ and the _____.
Intermembrane space
Matrix
To produce ATP an _____ in the inner mitochondrial membrane is needed.
Enzyme
How does ATP synthase work to produce ATP?
Catalyse the reaction between ADP + Pi
To catalyse the reaction between ADP +Pi, ATP needs energy. Where is this energy sourced from?
The diffusion of protons down a proton gradient through ATP synthase.
What is chemiosmosis?
The movement of ions across a partially permeable membrane, from an area of a high concentration to an area of low concentration.
To provide energy to ATP synthase, protons move from the intermembrane space into the _____.
Matrix
How is it ensured that there is always a higher proton concentration in the intermembrane space than in the matrix?
Protons are actively transported from the matrix into the intermembrane space
Energy is needed to actively transport protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space. Where does this energy come from?
- Molecule is oxidised and gives electrons to reduced protein.
- These electrons are passed down the ETC (made up of multiple proteins), through a series of oxidation-reduction reactions.
- This provides energy for these proteins to actively transport protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space.
What is the final electron acceptor? How does it work?
- The last protein in the ETC
- Electrons within the final electron acceptor react with oxygen and protons to form water.
What does NADH do?
- NADH travels to the inner mitochondrial matrix and donates 2 electrons to the first protein in the ETC, producing NAD and a proton.
What does FADH2 do?
- FADH2 travels to the inner mitochondrial matrix and donates 2 electrons to the second protein in the ETC, producing FAD and 2 protons.
