Ethics and deviance Flashcards
(44 cards)
Define ethics?
Rules that dictate an individual’s conduct, forming a system of rules upon which groups and societies are judged
What is deviance in sport?
Unacceptable behaviour with a culture, behaviour differing from the perceived social or legal norm
What is blood doping?
Misuse of techniques and or substances to increase one’s RBC count
What does blood doping result in for performer?
- more RBC = higher haemoglobin volume
- more O2 transported to working muscles
- allows higher performance levels
What is the process of blood doping?
Approximately 2 pints of blood is removed, blood is then frozen and flawed before being re-injected prior to competition
What are anabolic steroids?
Artificial form of testosterone enabling athletes to train harder and longer leading to increased strength
What are some side effects of anabolic steroids?
- mood swings
- heart disease
- increased facial hair
- liver disease
- acne
What are beta blockers?
Block the affects of adrenaline helping control heart rate keeping the athlete calm
What are some side affects of beta blockers?
- dizziness
- nausea
- tiredness
- sickness
What are stimulants?
Increase alertness and competitiveness by reducing reaction time, speeding up reflexes and reducing feelings of fatigue
What are some side effects of stimulants?
- addictive
- high BP
- anxiety
- aggression
- masked pain
- stress
Why might elite performers use doping and illegal drugs?
- pressure to succeed affecting judgment and decisions
- pressure from coaches
- political pressure
- high monetary reward or sponsorship for winning
- some performers think everyone else is doing it
What are societal consequences of drug taking in sport?
Society seen as corrupt and full of unethical citizens who will do anything to win at all costs
What are sporting consequences of drug taking in sport?
- concept of fair play severely challenged
- cheating
- sports become tainted struggling to gain sponsorship
- sports lose public support
What are performers consequences of drug taking in sport?
- severe dangers to health and wellbeing
- possible death
- loss of sponsorship
What are some strategies to stop the use of doping and illegal drugs?
- drug testing in and out of competitions
- drug education for athletes and coaches
- culture of keeping sport drug free should be created and reinforced
- punishment for drugs to be more rigorous and longer
- WADA draws up list of banned substances and provides assistance to research and anti-doping programmes
What is violence in sport?
Physical force directed towards harming another individual or group of individuals with intent that can cause injury
What are causes of player and spectator violence in sport?
- desire to win and importance of results
- nature of activity
- frustration of event
- alcohol and drugs (social and PED’s)
- rivalries
- media increasing tension
- perception of unfairness or poor officiating
- deindividuation
What are societal implications of violence in sport?
- sport reflection of society so society perceived as violent
- decreased spectatorship or participation as people don’t want to associate with violence
What are sporting implications of violence in sport?
- covering bodies have own disciplinary process to ensure non-violent standards maintained
- playing strategies promoting violence should be punished
- rule changes should be adopted to make violence less likely
What are performer implications of violence in sport?
- performer education important as performers responsible for individual actions and fair play
- performers need to be aware their role models and behaviour is likely to be copied
What are some strategies to prevent player and spectator violence?
- educate performers encouraging emotional awareness
- punishment e.g fines and bans
- encourage coaches to promote player assertion rather than aggression
- law enforcement banning orders of spectators
- sophisticated policing methods e.g CCTV
What is match fixing?
When sports competition is played to a complete or partial predetermined result against the law
How does growing public interest and spectatorship contribute to commercialisation of sport?
- more people now play sport at least once a week
- growth in numbers that spectate
- greater money attracted to sport due to greater spectatorship
