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PRINCIPLE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE > Ethics > Flashcards

Ethics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Derived from Ancient Greek word “ethos” means the “theory of things” or “way of living”

A

Ethics

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2
Q

connotes the existence of real-world beliefs and
practices about proper human conduct.

A

MORALITY

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3
Q

may refer to what has been known as the standard
behavior or conduct in a particular place

A

ETHICS

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4
Q

refers to any behaviors or practice common to all groups.

A

MORALITY

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5
Q

ü Seeks the use of ethical reasons for the things or events that have happened or have been happening as the will of the Almighty God.
ü Means ethics far beyond the physical world, that is, the rule of power and the will of Almighty God over human reasoning

A

META-ETHICS

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6
Q

ü Branch of ethics that refers to the analysis of moral issues such as abortion, animal rights, and euthanasia.
ü Include environmental, medical, social, and business ethics

A

APPLIED ETHICS

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7
Q

ü Implies the institution of moral conduct in regulating what is right or wrong.
ü Basic principle: Golden rule
ü Bridges the gap between meta-ethics and applied ethics

A

NORMATIVE ETHICS

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8
Q

“To practice the profession and to prescribe medicine to the best of the physician’s ability for the good of the patients and try to avoid doing harm to the latter”

A

HIPPOCRATIC OATH

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9
Q

SCHOOLS OF ETHICS

A

Ethical Relativism
Ethical Pragmatism
Ethical Utilitarianism

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10
Q
  • A school of ethics anchored on the principle that morality is relative to the norms of a particular culture.
  • For example, some cultures may accept certain acts and behaviors that are unacceptable to other cultures.
A

Ethical Relativism

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11
Q
  • It is more of a theory on knowledge, truth and meaning rather than morality.
A

Ethical Pragmatism

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12
Q
  • It states that the rightness or wrongness of actions is determined by their consequences.
  • Actions are good as long as they tend to promote happiness; bad if they produce unhappiness.
A

Ethical Utilitarianism

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13
Q

Moral Issues

A
  1. Abortion
  2. Euthanasia
  3. Genetic Engineering
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14
Q

involves genetic manipulations that are perceived to be against moral standards set by the society.

A

Genetic Engineering

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15
Q

purpose is to screen, choose and select the genes for proper detection of Any genetic disease and other chromosomal malformations.

A

Genetic Screening

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16
Q

techniques that include genetic control, therapy and surgery

A

Genetic Interventions

17
Q

a form of genetic engineering that makes use of stem cell to treat or prevent diseases.

A

Stem-cell therapy

18
Q

also known as laboratory fertilization.

A

In-vitro fertilization

19
Q

ü Applies to the workforce and professionals.
ü Professionals act according to certain standards of behavior.

A

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

20
Q

“Whatever a medical technologist has examined must be verified and released.”

A

IMPARTIALITY AND OBJECTIVITY

21
Q

“He/She should release the laboratory results as what is expected of the profession”

A

OPENNESS AND FULL DISCLOSURE

22
Q

OPENNESS AND FULL DISCLOSURE

A
  1. Infectious disease testing
  2. HIV Testing
  3. Reporting of infectious diseases
  4. Treatment and record keeping
  5. Duty to warn
  6. Disclosure of infectious diseases
23
Q

“Every laboratory examination must be carried out with due care and diligence”

A

DUE DILIGENCE

24
Q
  • Controls the release of medical records, limits the ability of persons to testify in court based on information obtained when providing professional services, or prohibits disclosure of information regarding specific diseases, such as HIV and drug use.
A

CONFIDENTIALITY

25
Q
  • A registered medical technologist should perform his/her job to the best of his/her abilities
A

FIDELITY TO PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES

26
Q

A registered medical technologist must be reliable and credible. He/she should have a basis in releasing the laboratory results

A

RELIABILITY AT WORK

27
Q

A registered medical technologist should avoid conflicts of interest, especially those involving one’s own personal desires or wants.

A

AVOIDANCE OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST

28
Q

Morality can be viewed in different perspective- as a law, as an inner conviction, as love, as personal growth, and social transformation

A

For Donal Harrington

29
Q

a philosophical approach or movement that began in the 1870s

A

Pragmatism

30
Q

Founded by two English Philosophers Jeremy Bentham (1748 - 1832) and John Stuart Mil (1806-1873), States that the rightness or wrongness of actions is determined by their consequences

A

Ethical Utilitarianism

31
Q

Considered illegal in the Philippines. Article II, Section 12 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution states that: The state recognizes the sanctity of life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution

A

Abortion

32
Q

is the practice of ending a life intentionally, usually in situations when individual is terminally ill, to relieve him or her of pain and suffering

A

Euthanasia

33
Q

as the process of inducing the painless death of a person who is severely debilitated for reason assumed to be merciful, through voluntary, non voluntary, involuntary means

A

Euthanasia for Herbert Hendin 2004

34
Q

when an individual gives consent to subject himself or herself to a painless death

A

Voluntary Euthanasia

35
Q

is conducted when the permission of the patient to perform the process is unavailable, like in the case of patient in a deep comatose, or neonates born with significant and major birth defects

A

Non- voluntary Euthanasia

36
Q

when an individual does not give his or her consent

A

Involuntary Euthanasia

PRINCIPLE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE (10 decks)

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