Ethical Theories Flashcards
1
Q
What is ethics?
A
Ethics are a generalised conceptual framework for decision making
2
Q
What is the religious effects on ethics?
A
- Devine command theory (an actions status as morally good is determined on whether it is commanded by god
- different religions/ interpretation of scriptures
3
Q
What are the ethical principles?
A
- respect for autonomy
- non-maleficence
-beneficence - justice
4
Q
A
5
Q
What are the ethical theories?
A
- deontology
- teleological morality
- justice
6
Q
What is the idea of deontology? (Immanuel Kant 1724-1804)
A
- morality of actions judged on motivations/ intentions not consequences
- categorical imperatives
- respect dignity
- morality consists of categorical imperatives
- if an ethical applies to one individual it apples to all
7
Q
What are the limitations of deontology?
A
- no perfect list of what categorical imperatives are
- conflict with one another
- not always applicable
8
Q
What is utilitarianisum?
A
- a form of telological morality (actions should be determied by likely concequences)
- Cost benifit analysis
9
Q
What was Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) ideals?
A
- Animal rights
-Seperation of church and state
10
Q
John stewart mill (1806-1873) ideas?
A
- Better to be disatisfied than content
Satisfaction of prefernces
11
Q
What are the difficulties with utilarianisum?
A
- anything is allowable if net happiness is maximised
- considering all future outcomes is speculative
- why ‘happiness’ and not liberty, justice, equality ect.
- scope to who and what counts
- the end doesnt always justify the means
12
Q
What are the priciples for justice?
A
- Equal liberates for all
- difference principle
13
Q
What is the veil of ignorance?
A
- wrong to decide what is fair from the position of knowing who we are
- decisions should be made from behiend a veil of ingnorance
14
Q
A
