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NCLEX Saunders > Ethical, Legal, Cultural, Safety > Flashcards

Ethical, Legal, Cultural, Safety Flashcards

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1
Q

most effective teaching strategy

A

teach back or return demo

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2
Q

native hawaiian problem

A

SIDS

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3
Q

kosher diet

A

-meat and milk not eaten together
-seafood w/o fins and scales not allowed

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4
Q

yin yang

A

yin cold
yang hot

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5
Q

best approach if pt speaks different language

A

interpreter/translator

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6
Q

jehova’s witness

A

any blood containing products

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7
Q

avoid admiring child

A

hispanic

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8
Q

illness are attributed to overexertion

A

chinese

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9
Q

use of herbal medicines w/ healing properties

A

native americans

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10
Q

abandonment

A

RN walks out esp when understaffed

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11
Q

negligence vs malpractice

A

unintentional vs intentional harm

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12
Q

assault

A

threat

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13
Q

intentional touching w/o consent

A

battery

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14
Q

not allowing pat to leave

A

false imprisonment

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15
Q

written defamation

A

libel

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16
Q

oral/verbal defamation

A

slander

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17
Q

deliberate deception to gain

A

fraud

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18
Q

discourages organ donation

A

orthodox church

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19
Q

body parts SHOULD NOT be removed, donated or transplanted

A

islam

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20
Q

organ transplant if allowed by rabbi
after autopsy, body parts must be buried together

A

orthodox judaism

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21
Q

self determination (independence)

A

autonomy

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22
Q

no harm

A

nonmaleficence

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23
Q

do good

A

beneficence

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24
Q

equal distribution

A

justice

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25
Q

truth

A

veracity

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26
Q

fulfill promises

A

fidelity

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27
Q

staff assignment criteria

A

acuity of pts
skills of staff

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28
Q

tornado protocol

A

doors and windows closed
curtains down
beds away from windows
blankets over bed confined pts
ambulatory pts in the hallway away from windows & doors

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29
Q

if staff is doing illegal

A

report to sup

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30
Q

if staff will be doing an immediate harm to others

A

confront

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31
Q

if staff is doing something inappropriate

A

approach/counsel later on

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32
Q

fire RACE

A

rescue
activate alarm
confine
extinguish

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33
Q

fire PASS

A

fire extinguisher

pull pin
aim at the base
squeeze handle
sweep side to side

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34
Q

fire safety

A

turn off oxygen & appliances
dont use elevator
on life support: ambu bag manually
ambulatory: move away or help pts on wheelchair

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35
Q

electrical safety

A

3 pronged cord
no overloading
no wire under carpet
no electric at sink or w/ water source
extension wire only when necessary and tape
if pt had electrical shock, FIRST turn off electricity before touching pt

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36
Q

radiation safety

A

label radioactive materials
keep bedlinens til implant removed
use of dosimeter (film badge) for exposure level
pt w/ implant in a private room
do not touch dislodged implants

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37
Q

reduce radiation exposure by

A

limit time
make a reasonable distance
use shield device (lead apron)

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38
Q

prevent needle stick injury by

A

-proper disposal (close, puncture-resistant, leak-proof, colorcoded, properly labeled)
-not recapping, bending or breaking needles

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39
Q

use of side rails is not considered a restraint when

A

they are used to prevent a sedated client from falling out of bed

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40
Q

rules of side rails

A

bed positioned at lowest
top two side rails up for emergency

41
Q

rules of restraints

A

-ordered by the physician
-not PRN
-assess body part on restraint q 30mins & release q 2hrs
-offer liquid & toilet q 2hrs

42
Q

alternative to safety devices for confused

A

-place pt near station
-always open the door
-place familiar objects in the room
-objects w/ visual & auditory stimuli (clock, calendar, TV, radio)

43
Q

poison control

A

-remove any possible poisonous
-call poison control center
-if vomiting, save the vomitus
-never induce vomiting if household items (lye-soap making, bleach etc), petroleum products, grease were ingested

44
Q

donning ppe

A

gown
mask
face shield
gloves

45
Q

removing ppe

A

gloves
face shield
gown
mask

46
Q

Z track method

A

ventrogluteal muscles

47
Q

im esp deltoid (max volume)
& sq

A

im 3ml
deltoid 2ml
sq 1.5ml

48
Q

combining insulin (which comes first)

A

RN

regular then NPH

49
Q

post op autograft, skin graft

A

immobilize 3 to 7 days
skin: elevate & avoid lifting

(give time for the graft to adhere & prevent movement & shearing of graft)

50
Q

position: burns face & head

A

elevate head of bed
(prevent/reduce edema)

51
Q

position: burns in extremities

A

elevate extremities above heart level

(prevent/reduce dependent edema)

52
Q

position: mastectomy

A

semi fowlers
affected arm elevated w/ pillow
(promote lymphatic fluid return)

53
Q

position: perineal & vaginal procedures

A

lithotomy

54
Q

position: hypophysectomy

A

elevate HOB
(prevent ⬆️ icp)

55
Q

position: thyroidectomy

A

semi fowlers to fowlers
avoid neck extension
sandbags or pillows to support head or neck

(reduce swelling & edema)

56
Q

position: hemorrhoidectomy

A

lateral/side lying
(prevent pain/bleeding)

57
Q

position: GERD

A

reverse trendelenberg (slanting head high)

(promote gastric emptying & prevent reflux)

58
Q

position: liver biopsy during procedure

A

right side upper abdomen exposed
right arm behind head

59
Q

position: liver biopsy after procedure

A

right lateral/right side lying w/ small pillow/folded towel in the puncture site

60
Q

position: paracentesis

A

semi fowlers or
sit up right on the side of bed or
chair w/ feet supported

61
Q

position: NGT insertion

A

high fowlers
head tilted forward

(closes trachea & opens esophagus)

62
Q

position: irrigation & tube feedings

A

semi fowlers
fowlers
(prevent aspiration)
also maintained elevated 30mins to 1hr after feeding

63
Q

position: rectal enema & irrigations

A

sims position
-between prone to supine
-left side lying
-left leg flexed, right leg slightly bent
-left arm flexed in front, right arm resting straight at the back

(allow gravity to flow to the natural direction of the colon)

64
Q

position: Sengstaken-Blakemore and Minnesota tubes

A

fowlers (enhance lung expansion, portal blood flow & permitting effective tamponade of the esophagus)

65
Q

position: copd

A

tripod position but arms supported w/ pillows or overbed table (to breathe easier)

66
Q

position: laryngectomy / radical neck dissection

A

semi fowlers/fowlers
(prevent edema & maintain patent airway)

67
Q

position: post bronchoscopy

A

semi fowlers
(prevent choking/aspiration)

68
Q

position: postural drainage

A

lung segment to be drained should be in the uppermost position
or trendelenberg may be used (slanting, feet elevated)

69
Q

position: thoracentesis during procedure

A

-sitting at edge of bed, leaning over bedside table w/ feet supported on stool OR
-lying on the unaffected side, affected side exposed on Fowlers

70
Q

position: thoracentesis after procedure

A

position of comfort

71
Q

positio : abdominal aneurysm resection

A

side to side BUT
head elevated not more than 45°

(avoid flexion of graft)

72
Q

position: amputation of lower extremity

A

*24hrs post op
elevate unaffected foot
(reduce edema)
residual limb w/ pillow but not elevated
*after 24hrs, residual limb flat on bed w/ limb wrapping techniques
(risk of flexion contractures)
*prone positon 20-30mins/day
(stretch muscles & prevent hip flexion contractures)

73
Q

position: arterial vascular grafting of an extremity

A

-24hr bed rest
-affected extremity kept straight
-limit movement & avoid flexion of hip & knee
(promote graft patency)

74
Q

position: cardiac catheterization

A

if femoral vessel was accessed:
bed rest 4 to 6hrs
then turn side to side

affected extremity kept straight
elevate head of bed not > than 30°

75
Q

position: heart failure & pulmonary edema

A

upright
preferably legs dangling
(decrease venous return & lung congestion)

76
Q

position: peripheral arterial disease

A

elevate feet but legs not above heart
(promote enough arterial blood flow)

77
Q

position: DVT

A

24hrs bed rest w/ leg elevation
out of bed if receiving heparin & tolerable pain

78
Q

position: varicose veins

A

elevate legs above heart
minimize prolonged sitting or standing

79
Q

position: venous insufficiency & leg ulcers

A

elevate leg

80
Q

position: cataract surgery

A

immediate post op: semi or fowlers
on the back or nonoperative side
(prevent edema)

81
Q

position: retinal detachment

A

bed rest
bilateral eye patching
(minimize eye movement & prevent extension of detachment)

82
Q

position: autonomic dysreflexia

A

high fowlers
(promote ventilation, prevent hypertensive stroke)

83
Q

position: cerebral aneurysm

A

bed rest
elevate head of bed 30 to 45°
(prevent pressure)

84
Q

position: cerebral angiography

A

bed rest
extremity where contrast injected immobilized & kept straight for 6 to 8hrs

85
Q

position: hemorrhagic stroke

A

head of bed elevated 30°
(reduce ICP)

86
Q

position: ischemic stroke

A

head flat on bed
(helps blood flow velocity)

87
Q

position: craniotomy

A

elevate head of bed 30 to 45°
affected site not to be covered

maintain head neutral & midline
(facilitate venous drainage)
avoid hip flexion
(reduce intrathoracic pressure)
avoid knee flexion
(facilitate venous drainage)

88
Q

position: laminectomy & other vertebral surgery

A

post op out of bed but w/ back braces
back kept straight w/ feet supported

89
Q

position:⬆️ icp & *stroke

A

elevate head of bed 30 to 45°
maintain head neutral & midline
(facilitate venous drainage)
avoid hip flexion
(reduce intrathoracic pressure)
avoid knee flexion
(facilitate venous drainage)

90
Q

position: lumbar puncture

A

during procedure
-lateral/side lying, back bowed, neck flexed that chin resting on chest, knees flexed up to abdomen

after procedure
-supine 4 to 12hrs

91
Q

position: spinal cord injury

A

-immoblize w/ spinal backboard
-head neutral (prevent further injury)
-immobilize head with firm padded cervical collar
-log roll

92
Q

position: total hip replacement

A

-avoid extreme internal and external rotation
-Avoid adduction; in most cases sidelying is permitted as long as an abduction pillow is in place
-Maintain abduction when in supine or positioned on the nonoperative side
-Place a wedge (abduction) pillow between legs to maintain abduction
-instruct not to cross the legs

93
Q

ergonomic principles

A

-call for help or use mechanical aids
-encourage pt to help/assist
-avoid twisting
-keep back, neck, pelvis, feet aligned
-knees flexed, feet wide apart
-position close to pt
-raise bed for weight at your center of gravity
-use arms and legs not back
-tighten abdominal & gluteal muscles

94
Q

trochanter rolls

A

prevents legs from moving outward

95
Q

wedge pillow

A

triangle placed between legs to maintain abduction after total hip replacement surgery

96
Q

sarin

A

chemical warfare agent
highly toxic nerve gas

97
Q

phosgene

A

chemical warfare agent
colorless gas used in chemical manufacturing

98
Q

mustard gas

A

chemical warfare agent
yellow to brown color
garlic-like odor
irritates the eyes
causes skin burns & blisters

NCLEX Saunders (16 decks)

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